Brian A. Ebel 20191001 .csv files Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DY6XJS This Data Release summarizes measurements of hydraulic and physical properties of soils and ash at sites in the area impacted by the 2017 Thomas Fire, USA. Physical properties include dry bulk density, loss on ignition, and saturated soil water content. Hydraulic properties include field-saturated hydraulic conductivity, sorptivity, Green-Ampt wetting front potential, and soil water retention. These measurements provide a foundation to reduce uncertainty of parameters in hydrologic models used to predict water-related hazards, water quality, and water quantity. Note that all methods of data acquisition and processing, column headings, and data annotations are explained in the metadata files. This Data Release summarizes measurements of hydraulic and physical properties of soils and ash at sites in the area impacted by the 2017 Thomas Fire, USA. Physical properties include dry bulk density, loss on ignition, and saturated soil water content. Hydraulic properties include field-saturated hydraulic conductivity, sorptivity, Green-Ampt wetting front potential, and soil water retention. These measurements provide a foundation to reduce uncertainty of parameters in hydrologic models used to predict water-related hazards, water quality, and water quantity. 20180111 20180314 ground condition Complete None planned -119.6511 -119.2476 34.5366 34.3247 USGS Thesaurus wildfire hydraulic properties soil properties Thomas Fire USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5cc9e2abe4b09b8c0b77fbf3 Geographic Names Information System California Ventura County Santa Barbara County none none Brian Ebel U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

Box 25046 MS 410 Denver Federal Center, Bldg 53, U.S. Geological Survey

Lakewood CO 80225 USA 303-236-3977 bebel@usgs.gov Windows 10, Python 3.7, Microsoft Excel 2016 No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted The data matches up with details provided. Values fall within expected ranges for the soil textural class at a given site. Data have been checked for duplication and omission. No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted on geospatial data. Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. SC denotes no data at that location because the split was compromised.. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Samples (N= 2 to 10 per experimental plot) were collected by driving in metal soil coring devices perpendicular to the ground surface and then excavating the intact core. Cores were 4.8 cm inner diameter and 6 cm long.Measurements taken include field-saturated hydraulic conductivity, sorptivity, soil-water retention, loss on ignition, and dry bulk density. Field saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) and sorptivity were measured using a tension permeameter (Mini Disc portable tension infiltrometer, Decagon Devices) at -1 cm pressure. The term field-saturated denotes that conditions were nearly saturated, which is typical of flow conditions in the field because of entrapped air (Reynolds et al., 1983). The permeameter was coupled to the cores in the laboratory using a flexible plastic sleeve and several mm of moist contact sand between the soil sample and the permeameter base. The contact sand enhances hydraulic contact between the permeameter and the sample (e.g. Nyman et al., 2010). Samples were placed into a stand with a plastic screen secured to the core base, this facilitates free drainage of water from the base of the core. The lateral confinement of the soil core by the impermeable steel walls allows use of the 1 dimensional (vertical) flow equations from Philip (1957,1969) describing cumulative infiltration with time. Cumulative infiltration with time was analyzed using the method from Vandervaere et al. (2000) . Following the Kfs and sorptivity measurements, the soil cores were split into 0-3 cm and 3-6 cm sections. The 0-3 cm sections were analyzed for soil-water retention by immersion saturation followed by drying using the hanging column method (Klute, 1986), the pressure plate method (Dane and Hopmans, 2002), and the dewpoint potentiameter method (Gee et al., 1992). The 0-3 cm section was further split into 0-1 and 1-3 cm depths for soil analysis of loss on ignition and dry bulk density. Loss on ignition (LOI) measurements to estimate organic matter content (Dean, 1974; Heiri et al., 2001) were conducted at 550°C for 2 h. The loss on ignition is a percentage mass lost. Dry bulk density was estimated using the core method. Oven dry sample mass (24 hours at 105 °C) was divided by the sample volume. References: Dane, J. H., and J. W.Hopmans (2002), Pressure plate extractor, in Methods of Soil Analysis, part 4: Physical Methods, Soil Science Society of America Book Series No. 5, edited by J. H.Dane and G. C.Topp, pp. 688–690, Soil Sci. Soc. of America, Madison, Wis. Dean, W. E., Jr. (1974), Determination of carbonate and organic matter in calcareous sediments and sedimentary rocks by loss on ignition: Comparison with other methods, J. Sed. Petrol., 44, 242–248. Gee, G. W., M. D.Campbell, G. S.Campbell, and J. H.Campbell (1992), Rapid measurement of low soil water potentials using a water activity meter, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 56, 1068–1070. Heiri, O., A. F.Lotter, and G.Lemcke (2001), Loss on ignition as a method for estimating organic and carbonate content in sediments: Reproducibility and comparability of results, J. Paleolimnol., 25, 101–110. Klute, A. 1986. Water retention: Laboratory Methods, in Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1, Physical and Mineralogical Methods, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, p. 635-662. Nyman, P., Sheridan, G., & Lane, P. N. (2010). Synergistic effects of water repellency and macropore flow on the hydraulic conductivity of a burned forest soil, south‐east Australia. Hydrological Processes, 24(20), 2871-2887. Philip, J. R. (1957), The theory of infiltration: 4. Sorptivity and algebraic infiltration equations, Soil Science, 84, 257-264. Philip JR (1969) ‘Theory of Infiltration.’ Advances in Hydroscience, Vol. 5, pp. 215–296. (Academic: San Diego, CA) Reynolds, W.D., Elrick, D.E., Topp, G.C., 1983. A re-examination of the constant head well permeameter method for measuring saturated hydraulic conductivity above the water table, Soil Sci. 136 (4), p. 250. Vandervaere JP, Vauclin M, Elrick DA (2000) Transient flow from tension infiltrometers: I. The two-parameter equation. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64, 1263–1272. van Genuchten, M. T. (1980), A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soil, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 44, 892–898. van Genuchten, M. T., F. J.Leij, and S. R.Yates (1991), The RETC code for quantifying the hydraulic functions of unsaturated soils, Rep. EPA/600/2091/065, Robert S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., Off. of Res. and Dev., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ada, Oklahoma. 20191001 None Point Transverse Mercator 0.9996 0.0 0.0 500000.0 1.0E7 coordinate pair 0.1 0.1 meters AlldataThomasFire_moodyclass_stats_data_release.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data for soil hydraulic properties. Producer Defined Site name Name of site where soil sample was taken Producer Defined TF1 Thomas Fire site 1 Producer defined TF2 Thomas Fire site 2 Producer defined TF3 Thomas Fire site 3 Producer defined TF4 Thomas Fire site 4 Producer defined TF5 Thomas Fire site 5 Producer defined TF6 Thomas Fire site 6 Producer defined TF7 Thomas Fire site 7 Producer defined TF8 Thomas Fire site 8 Producer defined Sample name Name of soil sample, these are coded by the site name, then the sample name. For example TF1-1 is the first soil sample taken at site 1 and TF7-6 is the sixth soil sample taken at site 7. Producer Defined Name of soil sample, these are coded by the site name, then the sample name. For example TF1-1 is the first soil sample taken at site 1 and TF7-6 is the sixth soil sample taken at site 7. ConditionB_UB This describes if the sampled site was burned (B) or unburned (UB). Producer Defined B Burned Producer defined UB Unburned Producer defined KfsMD (mm/hr) Field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) estimated from the Minidisc (MD) tension infiltrometer measurements. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 0.31 2603.0 mm/hr SorptvityMD (mm/sqrt(hr)) Sorptivity estimated from the Minidisc (MD) tension infiltrometer measurements. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 0.01 82.4 mm/sqrt(hr) PsifMD_Kizero (mm) Green-Ampt wetting front potential estimated using the measured field-saturated hydraulic conductivity and sorptivity values, assuming that initial hydraulic conductivity is zero. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 7.51e-07 131.7 mm SorptvityEST (mm/sqrt(hr)) Sorptivity estimated using the approach described by Stewart et al. (2013), their equation 10. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 0.340144 198.17 mm/sqrt(hr) PsifEST (mm) Green-Ampt wetting front potential estimated using the approach described by Stewart et al. (2013), their equation 12. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 0.043718 42.2769 mm Moodylayer Description of the soil layering in the cores interpreted from visual inspection and analysis of the tension infiltrometer data. These descriptions are reported in Moody et al. (2019). Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined E Effective soil-hydraulic properties applicable to a 1-layer system. Producer defined G Soil-hydraulic properties applicable to a 2-layer system with a gravel layer at the surface. Producer defined A Soil-hydraulic properties applicable to a 2-layer system with an ash layer at the surface. Producer defined This Data Release summarizes measurements of hydraulic and physical properties of soils and ash at sites in the area impacted by the 2017 Thomas Fire, USA. Physical properties include dry bulk density, loss on ignition, and saturated soil water content. Hydraulic properties include field-saturated hydraulic conductivity, sorptivity, Green-Ampt wetting front potential, and soil water retention. These measurements provide a foundation to reduce uncertainty of parameters in hydrologic models used to predict water-related hazards, water quality, and water quantity. Ebel, B.A., and Moody, J.A. (2019) Physical and hydraulic properties of soil in the area impacted by the 2017 Thomas Fire in California, USA: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DY6XJS Brian A Ebel U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

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Lakewood CO 80225 United States 303-236-3977 bebel@usgs.gov Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DY6XJS None Data are provided as .csv (comma separated) text files. The user must have software capable of opening the machine readable .csv files. 20200818 Brian Ebel U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

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Lakewood CO 80225 USA 303-236-3977 bebel@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998