Todd M. Preston 2019 tabular digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IMF7CH Kevin C. Vining Joanna N. Thamke Max Post van der Burg 2022 publication n/a US Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175070B The data set contains temporal chloride concentrations (mg/L) and specific conductance (uS/cm) values for 32 wetlands and groundwater monitoring wells as well as the date(s) sampled and the laboratory where the water quality analyses were conducted. The ratio of chloride concentration to specific conductance is referred to as the Contamination Index. In this region, values greater than 0.035 are used to identify water quality samples that are contaminated with co-produced water from energy development. Data was collected to determine surface and groundwater quality. Data is used to report water quality at the time of sampling. 19890420 20180906 ground condition Complete None planned -105.0600 -104.0500 49.0000 48.3900 Sheridan County, Montana ISO 19115 Topic Category environment USGS Thesaurus water quality energy resources geochemistry hydrology land use change USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5c9d4213e4b0b8a7f62e0be8 Common geographic areas Montana United States None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. Users are advised to read the data set's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Todd M Preston U.S. Geological Survey Geologist mailing address

2327 University Way

Bozeman MT 59715 USA 406-994-5034 406-994-6556 tmpreston@usgs.gov In addition to U.S. Geological Survey staff, samples were also collected by the The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, and the Sheridan County Conservation District. Water quality samples were collected following Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology or U.S. geological Survey sampling guidelines. Analytical chloride concentrations and specific conductance values were determined using published methods. On-site measurements were obtained using Hach chloride titration strips and calibrated specific conductance meters. Data matches provided details. Values are within expected ranges. Duplication and omission tests were performed; topology tests were not performed. The dataset complete for each year of sampling. Surface and groundwater samples were collected following U.S. Geological Survey sampling protocols over several years of sampling. This data was then compiled into a single file for publication. 20181231 Water quality data from the Goose Lake Study Site Eastern Montana 1989-2018.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer defined Site Name Name of the wetland or groundwater well where samples were collected Producer defined Field site names. Type Type of sample Producer defined Surface water Surface water sample Producer defined Groundwater Groundwater sample Producer defined 1989 Sample date Sample date in 1989 Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 04/20/1989 10/17/1989 1989 Laboratory Laboratory where the 1989 sample was analyzed. Producer defined Onsite measurement Chloride and specific conductance measured onsite. Producer defined MBMG Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Butte, Montana Producer defined 1989 Chloride, mg/L 1989 Chloride concentration in milligrams per liter Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 7 66900 1989 Specific conductance, uS/cm 1989 specific conductance value in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 761.0 80729.0 1989 Contamination Index 1989 Contamination Index, calculated as the ratio of chloride concentration (in milligrams per liter) to specific conductance (in microsiemens per centimeter) Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.005 0.829 2005 Sample date Sample date in 2005 Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 6/13/2005 9/15/2005 2005 Laboratory Laboratory where the 2005 sample was analyzed. Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined MBMG Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Butte, Montana Producer defined UWRBEBL University of Wyoming Red Buttes Environmental Biological Laboratory, Laramie, Wyoming Producer defined 2005 Chloride, mg/L 2005 Chloride concentration in milligrams per liter Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 1172 30841 2005 Specific conductance, uS/cm 2005 specific conductance value in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 5050 47000 2005 Contamination Index 2005 Contamination Index, calculated as the ratio of chloride concentration (in milligrams per liter) to specific conductance (in microsiemens per centimeter) Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.207 0.656 2006 Sample date Sample date in 2006 Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 04/04/2006 4/12/2006 2006 Laboratory Laboratory where the 2006 sample was analyzed. Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined MBMG Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Butte, Montana Producer defined 2006 Chloride, mg/L 2006 Chloride concentration in milligrams per liter Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 1678 20126 2006 Specific conductance, uS/cm 2006 specific conductance value in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 5810 41600 2006 Contamination Index 2006 Contamination Index, calculated as the ratio of chloride concentration (in milligrams per liter) to specific conductance (in microsiemens per centimeter) Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.289 0.484 2009 Sample date Sample date in 2009 Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 5/12/2009 9/17/2009 2009 Labortory Laboratory where the 2009 sample was analyzed. Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined NWQL USGS National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver, Colorado Producer defined 2009 Chloride, mg/L 2009 Chloride concentration in milligrams per liter Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 9 37500 2009 Specific conductance, uS/cm 2009 specific conductance value in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 391 91700 2009 Contamination Index 2009 Contamination Index, calculated as the ratio of chloride concentration (in milligrams per liter) to specific conductance (in microsiemens per centimeter) Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.023 0.409 2015 Sample date Sample date in 2015 Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 5/5/2015 6/24/2015 2015 Laboratory Laboratory where the 2015 sample was analyzed. Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined Onsite measurement Chloride and specific conductance measured onsite. Producer defined RBPGL Reston Biogeochemical Processes in Groundwater Laboratory, Reston, Virginia Producer defined 2015 Chloride, mg/L 2015 Chloride concentration in milligrams per liter Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 10 6178 2015 Specific conductance, uS/cm 2015 specific conductance value in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 568 19147 2015 Contamination Index 2015 Contamination Index, calculated as the ratio of chloride concentration (in milligrams per liter) to specific conductance (in microsiemens per centimeter) Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.018 0.323 2018 Sample date Sample date in 2018 Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 05/12/2018 09/06/2018 2018 Laboratory Laboratory where the 2018 sample was analyzed. Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined MBMG Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Butte, Montana Producer defined Onsite measurement Chloride and specific conductance measured onsite. Producer defined 2018 Chloride, mg/L 2018 Chloride concentration in milligrams per liter Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 344 21972 2018 Specific conductance, uS/cm 2018 specific conductance value in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 2100 184245 2018 Contamination Index 2018 Contamination Index, calculated as the ratio of chloride concentration (in milligrams per liter) to specific conductance (in microsiemens per centimeter) Producer defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.029 0.355 GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 USA 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IMF7CH None 20220913 Todd M. Preston U.S. Geological Survey Geologist mailing address

2327 University Way

Bozeman MT 59715 USA 406-994-5034 406-994-6556 tmpreston@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999