Lafferty, K.D. Adams, Josh Johnston, C.A. Kelsey, E.C. 20190909 Digital Attribute Table (CSV) Denver, CO U.S. Geological Survey, data release https://doi.org/10.5066/F7X0669S Josh Adams Kevin D Lafferty Emily C Kelsey Cora A Johnston 2019 Publication OCS Study Bureau of Ocean Energy Management 2019-042 N/A U.S. Department of the Interior TBD This database is a compilation of marine mammal and seabird information collected along the Pacific coast of the United States and U.S. territories in the Pacific from surveys that were solicited among regional research communities and persons. Information from standardized surveys was gathered from 2015 to 2018 and includes programs and researchers who collected information regarding seabirds since 1960. Information collected to synthesize the researcher network (people and organizations), marine bird and mammal taxa studied, parameters measured, and spatial coverage for research activities in areas of Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) oversight. For information regarding marine mammals: Cora Johnston, Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, coraann.johnston@gmail.com; for information regarding seabirds: Josh Adams, Western Ecological Research Center, USGS, josh_adams@usgs.gov 1960 2018 ground condition Complete None planned -179.999989 179.999989 71.600091 -0.622502 Pacific coast of the United States and U.S. territories in the Pacific USGS Thesaurus birds biological informatics mammals Research biodiversity costal zones marine ecosystem field methods geographical information systems (GIS) laboratory methods ISO 19115 Topic Category biota inlandWaters location oceans None seabirds marine mammals USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5a7c8fb1e4b00f54eb231ae6 None Alaska California Hawaii Oregon Pacific Islands Washington none The authors of these data require that users direct any questions pertaining to appropriate use or assistance with understanding limitations and interpretation of the data to the individuals/organization listed in the Point of Contact section. U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Reasearch Center mailing and physical

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Sacramento CA 95819 United States 916-278-9483 gs-b-werc_data_management@usgs.gov Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Procellariiformes Diomedeidae Procellariidae Hydrobatinae Suliformes Phalacrocoracidae Sulidae Fregatidae Charadriiformes Haematopodidae Laridae Alcidae Stercorariidae Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Podicipedidae Gaviidae Phaethontidae Cetacea Lutrinae Odobenidae Pinnipedia Anatidae Kingdom Animalia animals Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata chordates Subphylum Vertebrata vertebrates Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Tetrapoda Class Aves Birds Order Procellariiformes Tube-nosed Swimmers TSN: 174512 Family Diomedeidae Albatrosses TSN: 174513 Family Procellariidae Fulmars Petrels Shearwaters TSN: 174532 Family Hydrobatidae Storm Petrels Subfamily Hydrobatinae TSN: 723247 Order Suliformes Cormorants TSN: 823960 Family Phalacrocoracidae Cormorants Shags TSN: 174713 Family Sulidae Boobies Gannets TSN: 174696 Family Fregatidae Frigatebirds TSN: 174761 Order Charadriiformes Shore Birds Gulls Alcids Plovers Oystercatchers Auks TSN: 176445 Family Haematopodidae Oystercatchers TSN: 176467 Family Laridae Gulls Terns Skimmers TSN: 176802 Family Alcidae Murres Auks Guillemots Murrelets Puffins TSN: 176967 Family Stercorariidae Skuas TSN: 176790 Order Pelecaniformes Pelicans Ibises Herons TSN: 174670 Family Ardeidae Bitterns Egrets Herons TSN: 174771 Order Podicipediformes Grebes Family Podicipedidae Grebes TSN: 174477 Order Gaviiformes Loons Family Gaviidae Loons Divers TSN: 174467 Order Phaethontiformes Tropicbirds Family Phaethontidae Tropicbirds TSN: 174671 Order Anseriformes Ducks Geese Screamers Swans Waterfowl Family Anatidae Ducks Geese Swans TSN: 174983 Class Mammalia mammals Subclass Theria Infraclass Eutheria Order Cetacea cetaceans whales dolphins marine mammals porpoises TSN: 180403 Order Carnivora carnivores Suborder Caniformia dog-like carnivores Family Mustelidae mustelids Subfamily Lutrinae otters TSN: 552326 Family Odobenidae walruses TSN: 180637 No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted Used Excel pivot tables and R summary functions to independently verify all columns for naming consistency (taxa, StudyRegion, etc.) and typos (misspellings and extra characters). Data are not quantified - so no need to check math or numerical values. Where multiple species were studied collectively, they are classified by the lowest level of shared taxonomy (e.g. Pinniped for multiple seal species). Blanks were converted to NR to indicate that the information was not recorded. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted - Seabird data was solicited from seabird biologists in California, Oregon, Washington, Alaska, and Hawaii via an online web form. Collected seabird data was compiled by Josh Adams and Emma Kelsey. (2015-2017) - Marine mammal data was collected via surveys of lead researchers identified in online searches or via collaborators. (2017) - Both data sets were formatted to be searchable by parameters of interest, including species, method, and data type. During final formatting, survey entries were also linked to polygons of study areas, allowing map-based searches of study contents. (Fall 2017) Unknown Pacific coast of the United States and U.S. territories in the Pacific BOEMmonitoringDatabase1.7.2csv Digital Attribute Table (CSV) Producer defined SurveyID Identifier that links data to available metadata about collecting researchers. Producer defined m1 s35813 EntryID Identifier for each study effort; s indicates seabird entries, m indicates mammal entries. Producer defined m1 s929 UniqueID Identifier for entry within each study effort. Producer defined m1a s929d Contact Name of the researcher or leader of research program responsible for the data. Producer defined name (last, first) Email Email address for ContactName researcher (for further inquiry). Producer defined email address TaxaSet Identifies each entry as belonging to the mammal or seabird sub-dataset. Producer defined Mammal Data provided by respondent to the mammal inquiry - thus the data collection protocol matches the mammal sources. Producer defined Seabird Data provided by respondent to the seabird inquiry - thus the data collection protocol matches the seabird sources. Producer defined Taxa Taxonomic group studied. Database administrator Taxonomy and nomenclature. ITIS CommonName Common name of studied species. Producer defined common name, may vary, please refer to scientific name. ScientificName Scientific name of studied species. Database administrator Scientific name ITIS AlphaCode Four letter species identifier. Database administrator Bird species Alpha Code. American Ornithological Union Bird Species List (http://www.wec.ufl.edu/birds/SurveyDocs/species_list.pdf) Marine mammals species Alpha Code. See table 13 in the associated publication. ALLB All Bird Species Producer defined ALLM All Marine Mammals Producer defined UNLO unidentified loon Producer defined UNSC unidentified scoter Producer defined NotesOn Species Any additional species included in the survey. Producer defined additional notes on species. NR not recorded Producer defined StudyRegion Geographical region in which research is conducted at the finest resolution identified (corresponds to polygon in “geometry”). Producer defined See the corrosponding shapefile for boundary of regions. StateName State in which research is conducted. Producer defined Name of State (US). MonitorSite Specific location of research. Producer defined Name of site in which a record took place. Please see shapefile for geospatial information. Jurisdiction Primary Jurisdiction under which the geographic research area falls. Producer defined Name of agency. Orginization Organization conducting the research. Producer defined Organization name(s). Affiliation Associations of researchers. Producer defined Association name. DataCollec The type of data (measurement) that is collected. Producer defined Abundance Records of the number of individuals per sample (count data). Producer defined Acoustics Methods and devices used to collect sonic information (e.g. directional hydrophones for marine mammals, acoustic sound recorders deployed on islands to record bird vocalizations, recording stations to archive sonic tags deployed on marine animals) to record species presence, identity, and/or activity. Producer defined AdultDiet Samples, either collected or observed, that describe the diet or food habits of adult animals Producer defined AdultMorphometrics Measurements used to describe body attributes (e.g. weight, beak length, etc) of adults. Producer defined AtseaBehavior Discrete or categorical information that describes some behavior exhibited by animals while at sea (e.g., diving, feeding, flying, etc.) Producer defined AtseaCountFromShore Counts of individuals at sea or on land, as recorded by an observer on a land-based vantage point. Producer defined AtseaDistributionAbundanceVessel Counts or recorded locations of animals at sea made from a vessel such as a boat, aircraft, or autonomous vessel (e.g., drone). Producer defined BeachCarcassSurveys Surveys conducted on beaches or along waterfronts that describe the location, species, and counts for animal carcasses deposited on shore. Producer defined Behavior Discrete or categorical information that describes some behavior exhibited by animals, including inter- and intra-species interactions, foraging, diving, mating, ship evasion, etc. Producer defined BloodFeatherTissueSampling The collection of blood, feathers, or other tissues from birds. Producer defined BloodTissueSampling The collection of blood or other tissues from mammals. Producer defined BreedingSuccess Quantified information related to reproductive success (e.g., number chicks fledged per nest for birds or number of pups weened for pinniped population) Producer defined ChickDiet Samples, either collected or observed, that describe the diet or food habits of chicks or nestlings (birds) Producer defined ChickGrowthMorphometrics Measurements (usually repeated) used to describe the change in size (growth) of individual birds from hatching to fledging. Producer defined ColonyBehavior Discrete or categorical information that describes some behavior exhibited collectively by animals in a colony (e.g. flushing or fleeing in response to disturbance). Producer defined ColonyCount Recorded counts of individuals or nests within a discrete colony (e.g. seabird breeding colony or pinniped breeding colony). Producer defined Contaminants Information related specifically to the evaluation of chemicals or chemical exposure among animals, tissues, or eggs. Producer defined Density Recordings of number of individuals per unit area. Producer defined Diet or foraging or contaminants Observations or measurements related broadly to the evaluation of diet, foraging behavior, or chemicals or chemical exposure among animals, or tissues (marine mammals) Producer defined Distribution or range Evaluation or observations related to the geographic location or dispersion patterns among animals or populations; range refers to geographic extent for individuals (e.g., foraging range or home range) or populations (e.g., species' geographic extent). Producer defined Disturbance Records of conflict between wildlife and sources of disturbance or harassment, including beach users, ship traffic, etc. Producer defined FledgingSuccess Quantified information related to reproductive success (e.g., number chicks fledged per nest for birds or number of pups weened for pinniped population). Producer defined Habitat occupancy Information related to the measure of and animals occurrence or utilization within specific habitats usually delineated by geographic, oceanographic or geopolitical or management boundaries. Producer defined HatchingSuccess Quantified information related to reproductive success (e.g., number eggs hatched per number of eggs laid). Producer defined Haulouts Records of physical geographic location occupied by pinnipeds on land used for resting. Producer defined Mistnetting A fine mesh netting method used for capturing birds. Producer defined Morphometrics Measurements used to describe the size of an animal or anatomical feature of an animal. Producer defined Mortality Observations of mortality events or records of dead individuals and associated causes. Inversely associated with estimates of survival. Producer defined Movement or migration or dispersal Observations or estimates of individual mobility at small (movement) and large (migration) scales. Producer defined NecropsyTissueArchival Procuring, storing, or archiving animals or animal tissue samples collected during post-mortem examination. Producer defined NestBurrowOccupancy Quantified information used to calculate the proportion of nests or burrows (for burrow-nesting seabirds) available within a sample that are occupied by a breeding adult or breeding adult pair (birds only). Producer defined NestCount Number of nest sites (or burrows for burrow-nesting seabirds) per sample (count data). Producer defined Occurrence Records of presence or absence of an individual animal or taxonomic group of animals in time or space. Producer defined Pathology Information related to the science of the causes and effects of diseases, especially the branch of medicine that deals with the laboratory examination of samples of body tissue for diagnostic or forensic purposes. Producer defined Phenology Observations related to the seasonal timing of animal life history events (nesting season, pupping season, dispersal or migration timing). Producer defined Photography Information collected using cameras, can include nest counts, counts at sea, species identification, nest site activity or visitation on land. Producer defined Physiology (marine mammals) Information to help explain marine mammal body function including diving and locomotion, nutrition and energetics, reproduction, sensory systems, and environmental interactions. Producer defined Population structure or individual ID Estimates of population size, age distribution, or composition of known individuals developed primarily from tagging, observational, and genetic approaches. Producer defined Predation (marine birds and mammals) Information related to depredation of seabirds or marine mammals. For example, are seabirds taken as prey by mammals, or other birds? Producer defined Radar Radar is used to detect and map flight trajectories among seabirds – usually associated with flyways and site-specific colony attendance. Producer defined Reproduction Information related to reproduction or reproductive success for an animal or group of animals. Producer defined RoostingHaulOutCount Number animals counted at roosting sites (birds) or at haulout locations (pinnipeds) (count data). Producer defined Strike or stranding or entanglement Information recorded regarding collision of animals with infrastructure, vessels or obstacles, the actual grounding of sick, injured, or moribund animals, or the recording of animals that have been hooked or entangled in material at sea or on land. Producer defined SubadultAdultSurvival Information collected to record, document or calculate survival of sub-adult or adult members of a population. Producer defined TelemetrySensors Devices usually attached to animals that are used to measure or record an individual animals location, trajectory, movement, physiology, or information about an animal's habitat or environment. Producer defined SurvMethd The primary method used to collect data. Producer defined Acoustic Sound recording devices used to document species presence, itentity, and/or activity. Some are left unattended (e.g. at buoys) and retrieved at intervals for data download; others are collected in real time (e.g. by towing behind a vessel). Producer defined Aerial Visual surveys conducted from planes or helicopters (and drones). Producer defined Boat One type of survey platform (vessel) used for research or monitoring involving marine birds and mammals. Producer defined brand resighting (pinnipeds) Individual pinnipeds are identified by a unique numeric freeze brand applied to their skin by researchers. Brand resighting involves the identification and recording of unique brand numbers and associated behavioral, demographic, or environmental data. Producer defined Colony based (marine birds) Refers to an action or data collection that takes place at the colony. Producer defined Genetics Collection and analysis of biological tissue to characterize population attributes such as spatial relationships, connectivity, and number of individuals. Producer defined NR Not recorded Producer defined Other See OtherMethods Producer defined Point Count surveys from shore Complete counts of all animals within a pre-designated area from a fixed or designated point on land that offers a repeatable vantage point of the designated study area. Producer defined Shoreline Observations of organisms and their activity conducted by researchers on shore. Producer defined Tagging or Tracking A small label affixed to identify individuals, or a GPS or radio device attached to an animal in order to track its location and movements. Producer defined Vessel Observations of organisms and their activity conducted by researchers on a vessel. Producer defined OtherMethd Any secondary methods used, especially those beyond the options provided. Producer defined Acoustic Sound recording devices used to document species presence, itentity, and/or activity. Some are left unattended (e.g. at buoys) and retrieved at intervals for data download; others are collected in real time (e.g. by towing behind a vessel). Producer defined Aerial some parts Incomplete coverage of visual surveys conducted from planes or helicopters (and drones). Producer defined flipper tags (resighting) A small label affixed to identify individuals, or a GPS or radio device attached to an animal in order to track its location and movements. Producer defined historic records Used records that already existed. Producer defined line transect Line transect methodology is more complex than strip transect methodology. Line transects are used on vessel-based surveys (boat or aircraft) to calculate abundance and density of animals in a pre-defined area. In a line transect, animals are detected by observers and their group size, sighting distance, and sighting angle from the line are recorded in order to calculate horizontal sighting distance from the track line, which allows for the calculation of an "effective strip width" based on a decay function explaining probability of detection that is reduced with distance from the track line. The main assumption is that the probability of detection is 100% along the trackline (i.e., 0 meters perpendicular from the trackline). Producer defined NR Not recorded Producer defined observations during bird monitoring Incidental data collected during monitoring of other (target) species. Producer defined Photo ID Identification and tracking of individuals through distinctive markings captured in photographic records. Producer defined Shore-based some parts Incomplete coverage of observations of organisms and their activity conducted by researchers on shore. Producer defined shoreline Observer-based data collection (from shoreline or vessel or aerial craft). Producer defined Stable Isotope The use of chemical composition to estimate spatial origin of an individual or its diet. Producer defined strip transect Strip transects are survey transects that delineate a fixed observation distance from a survey trackline. Strip transects are a standardized procedure for enumerating seabirds and marine mammals from a vessel (boat or aircraft) in order to measure abundance and calculate density. Strip transect methodology assumes that all individuals within the strip have the same probability of being seen and all individuals are counted. For marine birds, depending on the survey vessel and refined methods, flying birds may be accounted for differently than birds detected on the water. Producer defined Vessel Observations of organisms and their activity conducted by researchers on a vessel. Producer defined visual Observer-based data collection (from shoreline or vessel or aerial craft). Producer defined StartYear The year that research commenced. Producer defined NR Not recorded Producer defined 1960 2017 EndYear The year that the research terminated, unless it is ongoing. Producer defined NR Not recorded Producer defined ongoing still an active survey Producer defined 2005 2018 DataCollectionSeasons The season(s) in which the research is conducted. Producer defined NR Not recorded Producer defined Name of season(s) DataCollectionFrequency The frequency (e.g. times per year) that data is collected. Producer defined NR Not recorded Producer defined Free text used to indicate how often survey took place. Notes Any additional information about the work completed, especially its association with named projects. Producer defined Free text used to capture information of import. U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical

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Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Digital Attribute Table (CSV) https://doi.org/10.5066/F7X0669S none 20200827 Western Ecological Research Center mailing and physical

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Sacramento CA 95819 United States 916-278-9483 gs-b-werc_data_management@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999