Angel N. McVay Zachary J. Smith John A. Robinson 20180329 CSV https://doi.org/10.5066/F7833R7H Understanding the number of acres of farmland irrigated and the amount of water used for irrigation is central to water-resource planning and public decision making. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Division of Water Resources (TDEC-DWR), compiled available 5-year, county-level data on irrigated acres in Tennessee from 1934 to 2017 from published reports by the U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Other data published in this dataset are summary statistics for irrigated acreage in Tennessee from 1934-2017, the top counties with the largest number of irrigated acres for each reporting year, as well as a county-level analysis of changes in irrigated acreage for the 25 years between 1992-2017. Please refer to the Supplemental Information section of the metadata for information on the Census of Agriculture, table and variable structure, data comparability, missing data, and definitions. Irrigated acreage by county in Tennessee was compiled from published reports for 1934-2017 by the USGS in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Division of Water Resources. The data were compiled to provide, in a single location, a record of irrigated acres in Tennessee and temporal changes. This dataset was compiled from historical census data from the U.S. Census of Agriculture over 18 reporting periods spanning the course of 83 years. Historical Census of Agriculture reports are available online as scanned documents from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). Users of this dataset should bear in mind that Census definitions and methods for collecting and reporting data have changed during this time which may affect the comparability of the dataset. More information on specific definitions of farms and irrigated land can be found in the Census reports. This dataset contains redacted data which is indicated with a 'D' value. The redacted data in this dataset is data that is withheld by the USDA for privacy purposes. The USDA redacts data from counties that have very few farms reporting. Redacted data is denoted with a different symbol and has a slightly different definition in earlier years than more recent years. Irrigation data was redacted from the 1940 Census and the 1978-2017 Censuses, but not for the 1935 Census and the 1945-1974 Censuses. Additionally, the number of counties that have redacted data varies considerably. Some counties don't have any redacted data for the period of this dataset, whereas other counties have several years of redacted data. Data that is redacted from county totals is published in the state totals. "Irrigated acreage in Tennessee by county 1934 to 2017" is the primary data in this dataset. Other files in this dataset are intended to provide greater scope of the limitations of this dataset. Considering that this dataset contains a significant amount of redacted data and that definitions have changed over time, the data must be compared with caution, or not compared at all. A regional approach might be more useful for analysis than a county-by-county approach. 1934 2017 ground condition Complete As needed -90.3000 -81.6500 36.6700 34.9800 USGS Thesaurus water use groundwater irrigation water use irrigation agriculture USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5a329213e4b08e6a89d87f7b USGS Thesaurus Tennessee West Tennessee East Tennessee Middle Tennessee none Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of this data, software, or related materials. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This dataset may be redistributed if it is not edited and is properly referenced. Although USGS intends to make this server available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, timely delivery of data and products from this server through the Internet is not guaranteed. Angel N. McVay SOUTHEAST REGION: LMG-INVEST OPRS PROG Physical Scientist mailing and physical

401 Hardin Rd

Little Rock AR 72211 US (501) 681-1177 amcvay@usgs.gov United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS); U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census. Irrigated acreage data were compiled for Tennessee for 1934 – 2017. The irrigated acreage data were compiled from records published by the U.S. Census Bureau from 1935 – 1994 and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Irrigated, National Agriculture Statistic Service from 1997 – 2019. The data were collected every four to five years by the two agencies. The accuracy of the published data were not evaluated for this compilation. Additional information on the methods used in reporting irrigated acreage are available in the published reports by the U.S. Census Bureau and U.S. Department of Agriculture cited in the attribute definitions. No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) 201904 AC-17-A-42 publication Washington, DC U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_2_County_Level/Tennessee/tnv1.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 2017 publication date USDA, 2017 Total irrigated acreage (2017) U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) 201405 AC-12-A-42 publication Washington, DC U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2012/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_2_County_Level/Tennessee/tnv1.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 2012 publication date USDA, 2012 Total irrigated acreage (2012) U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) 200902 AC-07-A-42 publication Washington, DC U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2007/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_2_County_Level/Tennessee/tnv1.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 2007 publication date USDA, 2007 Total irrigated acreage (2007) U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) 200406 AC-02-A-42 publication Washington, DC U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/2002/01/42/2002-01-42.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 2002 publication date USDA, 2002 Total irrigated acreage (2002) U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) 198907 AC87-A-42 publication Washington, DC United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1997/01/42/1997-01-42.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1997 publication date USDA, 1997 Total irrigated acreage (1997) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census 199311 AC92-A-42 publication Washington, DC U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census https://www.census.gov/prod/2/agr/92area/aca42.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1992 publication date USDOC, 1992 Total irrigated acreage (1992) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census 198907 AC87-A-42 publication Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1987/01/42/1987-01-42.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1987 publication date USDOC, 1987 Total irrigated acreage (1987) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census 198405 AC82-A-42 publication Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1982/01/42/1982-01-42.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1982 publication date USDOC, 1982 Total irrigated acreage (1982) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census 1980 AC78-A-42 publication Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1978/01/42/1978-01-42.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1978 publication date USDOC, 1978 Total irrigated acreage (1978) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census 197706 publication Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1974/01/42/1974-01-42.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1974 publication date USDOC, 1974 Total irrigated acreage (1974) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census 197206 tabular digital data Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1969/01/31/1969-01-31.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1969 publication date USDOC, 1969 Total irrigated acreage (1969) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Bureau of the Census 1967 publication Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1964/01/31/1964-01-31.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1964 publication date USDOC, 1964 Total irrigated acreage (1964) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Bureau of the Census 1961 publication Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1959/01/31/1959-01-31.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1959 publication date USDOC, 1959 Total irrigated acreage (1959) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Bureau of the Census 1956 publication Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1954/01/31/1954-01-31.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1954 publication date USDOC, 1954 Total irrigated acreage (1959) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Bureau of the Census 1952 publication Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office https://agcensus.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/uploads/1950-Tennesssee-Table_of_Contents-1799-Table-03.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1944 1949 publication date USDOC, 1950 Total irrigated acreage (1949), Total irrigated acreage (1944) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Bureau of the Census 1942 publication Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1940/01/31/1940-01-31.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1939 publication date USDOC, 1940 Total irrigated acreage (1939) U.S. Dept. of Commerce (USDOC), Bureau of the Census 1936 publication Washington, DC United States Government Printing Office http://lib-usda-05.serverfarm.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/1935/01/31/1935-01-31.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 1934 publication date USDOC, 1935 Total irrigated acreage (1934) Data were entered by hand from scanned printed publications which are available online in PDF format. 2020 Changes in irrigated acreage were calculated by taking the difference between the 1992 value and the 2017 value. 2021 Data in the dataset "Summary statistics of state irrigated acreage for Tennessee" were obtained and calculated from published state and county totals. The PcChg (percent change) column was calculated by taking the difference between the state total for a given year and the state total from the previous reporting period, dividing the answer by the value from the previous reporting period, and multiplying that value by 100%. The IR-Avg column was calculated by dividing the IR-StTot (state total of irrigated acreage) for a given year by the number of counties. The D-NumCty (number of counties with D values) column was calculated by taking the sum of the D (redacted data) values for a given year. The other columns in the dataset are taken directly from Census reports. 2021 Data in the dataset "Top ten irrigated counties in Tennessee by reporting year" were derived from the top ten counties that had the most irrigated acreage in each reporting year. 2021 The data in the dataset "Yearly state totals of irrigated acreage in Tennessee" were derived from published state totals which include acreage that was redacted from county totals. 2021 Irrigated acreage in Tennessee by county, 1934 to 2017.csv Statistics for irrigated acreage in Tennessee by county that was published in the Census of Agriculture from 1934-2017 U.S. Geological Survey COUNTYFIPS Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) county or county equivalent code Federal Information Processing Standard FIPS Code (5-Digit State & County ID) https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/home/?cid=nrcs143_013697 47001 47189 COUNTY Name of county or county equivalent Federal Information Processing Standards Federal Information Processing Standard County and County Equivalent Codes https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/codes/cou.html and https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/county-changes.html IR-2017 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 2017 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms U.S. Geological Survey 4 25542 acres IR-2012 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 2012 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms U.S. Geological Survey 4 16534 acres IR-2007 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 2007 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms U.S. Geological Survey 4 10563 acres IR-2002 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 2002 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms U.S. Geological Survey 0 5162 acres IR-1997 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1997 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms U.S. Geological Survey 8 4867 acres IR-1992 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1992 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms U.S. Geological Survey 3 3930 acres IR-1987 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1987 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms U.S. Geological Survey 0 6493 acres IR-1982 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1982 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms U.S. Geological Survey 0 3096 acres IR-1978 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1978 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms Producer defined 0 2010 acres IR-1974 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1974 U.S. Geological Survey 0 1672 acres IR-1969 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1969 U.S. Geological Survey 0 1283 acres IR-1964 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1964 U.S. Geological Survey 0 717 acres IR-1959 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1959 U.S. Geological Survey 0 1153 acres IR-1954 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1954 U.S. Geological Survey 0 1514 acres IR-1949 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1949 U.S. Geological Survey 0 310 acres IR-1944 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1944 U.S. Geological Survey 0 192 acres IR-1939 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1939 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms U.S. Geological Survey 0 195 acres IR-1934 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1934 U.S. Geological Survey 0 52 acres Summary statistics of county irrigated acreage for Tennessee, 1934 to 2017.csv State totals of irrigated acreage by year with the percent change in irrigated acreage from the previous reporting period, the maximum, minimum, and average irrigated acreage from county-level data, as well as the number of counties with D values (redacted data). More information on redacted data is located in the Supplemental Information section of the metadata. U.S. Geological Survey YEAR The year which the data represent. U.S. Geological Survey 1934 2017 PcChg Percent change in irrigated acreage since previous reporting period U.S. Geological Survey NA not available Producer defined -51 2128 percent IR-StTot Irrigation, state total of irrigated acreage U.S. Geological Survey 57 184899 acre IR-Max Irrigation, maximum irrigated acreage U.S. Geological Survey 52 25542 acre IR-Min Irrigation, minimum irrigated acreage U.S. Geological Survey 0 8 acre IR-Avg Irrigation, average irrigated acreage U.S. Geological Survey 1 1946 acre D-NumCty Number of counties with data withheld (D) to avoid identifying individual farms U.S. Geological Survey 0 23 number Top ten irrigated counties in Tennessee by reporting year, 1934 to 2017.csv Top 10 counties in Tennessee with the greatest amount of irrigation per reporting period. U.S. Geological Survey YEAR The year which the data represent U.S. Geological Survey 1934 2017 COUNTY Name of county or county equivalent Federal Information Processing Standards Federal Information Processing Standard County and County Equivalent Codes https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/codes/cou.html and https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/county-changes.html IR-IrTot Irrigation, acres irrigated, total U.S. Geological Survey 1 25542 acres Changes in irrigated acreage in Tennessee counties, 1992 to 2017.csv Change in the amount of irrigated acreage over a 25-year reporting period. This time period was selected because there was a rapid increase in irrigation from 1992-2017 with the largest increase occurring in counties Dyer (23,900 acres [ac]), Fayette (12,781 ac), Haywood (20,912 ac), Lake (11,021 ac), and Obion (16,500 ac). U.S. Geological Survey COUNTY Name of county or county equivalent Federal Information Processing Standards Federal Information Processing Standard County and County Equivalent Codes https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/codes/cou.html and https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/county-changes.html IR-1992 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 1992 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farm U.S. Geological Survey 3 3930 acre IR-2017 Irrigation, irrigated acreage for the year 2017 U.S. Geological Survey D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farm U.S. Geological Survey 4 25542 acre IR-CHG Change in irrigated acreage from 1992 to 2017 U.S. Geological Survey ND Not determined U.S. Geological Survey -727 23896 acre U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver Colorado 80225 United States of America 1-888-ASK-USGS sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. 20220613 Angel N. McVay SOUTHEAST REGION: LMG-INVEST OPRS PROG Physical Scientist mailing and physical

401 Hardin Rd

Little Rock AR 72211 US (501) 681-1177 amcvay@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999