Seth Munson 201801 .csv files Flagstaff, AZ U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PC31C3 Seth Munson 2018 .csv files Ecosystems Springer This dataset is from a precipitation manipulation experiment conducted at five grassland sites along an elevation gradient near Flagstaff, AZ. The data consist of pre- (1991 - 2015) and post-experimental (2016) treatment plant production and precipitation measurements. The plant production measurements were taken from satellite and hand-held spectroradiometer, in addition to plot-based harvests at the end of growing season. Data were collected to determine: 1) variation in production responses to precipitation among sites, 2) similarities or differences among spatial, temporal, and experimental precipitation-production relationships and how this advances our understanding of ecosystem dynamics. 1991 2016 ground condition Complete None planned -111.972 -111.513 35.685 35.162 Producer defined biomass drought grassland USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:59d51826e4b05fe04cc5351a None southwestern U.S. Arizona none none Seth M Munson U.S. Geological Survey Southwest Biological Science Center mailing and physical

2255 N. Gemini Dr.

Flagstaff AZ 86001 United States 928-523-7740 smunson@usgs.gov National Climate Adaptation Science Center, USGS Ecosystems Mission Area For MSAVI generated with the spectroradiometer, fifty spectral measurements were taken throughout drought, control, and water addition plots; and a white calibration plate was used between each set of measurements to reduce atmospheric noise. Spectra were only collected between 11am – 2pm on cloud-free days with minimal haze to provide consistent solar intensity and angle, and minimize atmospheric interference. Data were checked to fall within expected value ranges and for duplication/omission Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Google 20170110 Landsat satellite imagery http://earthengine.google.com Google Earth Engine http://earthengine.google.com Satellite imagery 19910101 20161231 Current through 2016 Landsat Input data used to determine the modified soil-adjusted vegetation index We used a time-series (1991 – 2016) of Landsat 5 and 7 imagery (30 m resolution) from Google Earth Engine (GEE: http://earthengine.google.com). We used imagery from each site that encompassed the area surrounding our plots had the same species composition and soils as inside the plots, and included a minimum of 5 Landsat pixels. We mosaicked, masked clouds (in scenes with > 10% cloud cover), smoke, and pixels with other interference, and composited imagery using the GEE Advanced Programming Interface (API). Using time-series analysis, we confirmed that peak production across the sites occurred in September. 2017 We used the satellite spectra to calculate the modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), a modification of the commonly used Normalized Difference Vegetation Index that corrects for soil brightness in areas where vegetation cover is less than 40% per pixel (Qi et al. 1994). 2017 Monthly precipitation was extracted from PRISM (www.prism.oregonstate.edu) for all the sites from 1991 – 2016. Annual precipitation was calculated as the sum of October of the previous year to September of the year production was assessed. We subtracted and added 50% of May – September 2016 precipitation (the period when the treatments were effective) from PRISM estimates of annual precipitation for drought and water addition plots, respectively. 2017 The five grassland study sites occur from 1,566 to 2,591 m in elevation on and adjacent to the San Francisco Mountains near Flagstaff, Arizona. Point 1.0 1.0 Decimal degrees Munson_Precip_MSAVI_Data Site name, location, year, plot information, precipitation and modified soil-adjusted vegetation index Seth Munson Site Site Name Producer Defined Site name that represents a grassland type Latitude Latitude in decimal degrees Producer defined 35.162 35.685 Decimal degrees Longitude Longitude in decimal degrees Producer defined -111.972 -111.479 Decimal degrees Year Year of measurement Producer defined 1991 2016 Plot Number Plot number. Only valid for water addition, drought, and control precipitation plot types in 2016 (all other entries "NA"). Producer defined 1 12 Plot Type Whether the measurement at a plot occurred before (Pre) experimental treatments, in ambient (Control), water addition (Water Addition), or drought (Drought) treatments. Producer defined Pre Before experimental treatment Producer defined Control Ambient precipitation Producer defined Drought Water exclusion (50% of ambient) Producer defined Water Addition Water addition (150% of ambient) Producer defined NA Not Applicable Producer defined Precipitation Sum of precipitation from October in year before modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI) measurement to September the year of SAVI measurement (12 months total) Producer defined 104.10 1177.24 milimeters MSAVI Modified soil-adjusted Vegetation Index https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0034425794901341 0.003640032 0.425348283 unitless Munson_Landsat_Spectro_Data2 Comparison between NPP harvest and Modified soil-adjusted vegetation index derived from hand-held spectroradiometer (Fieldspec Pro 3 FR, ASD Inc.) and Landsat satellite imagery Producer-defined Site Site name Producer defined Site name that represents a grassland type Latitude Latitude in decimal degrees Producer defined 35.162 35.685 decimal degrees Longitude Longitude in decimal degrees Producer defined -111.972 -111.479 Decimal degrees Year Year of measurement Producer defined 1991 2016 Plot Number Plot number. Only valid for water addition, drought, and control precipitation plot types in 2016 (all other entries "NA"). Producer defined 1 12 Plot Type Whether the measurement at a plot occurred before (Pre) experimental treatments, in ambient (Control), water addition (Water Addition), or drought (Drought) treatments. Producer defined Control Ambient precipitation Producer defined Water Addition 150% of ambient precipitaiton Producer defined NA Not Applicable Producer defined Drought 50% of ambient precipitation Producer defined Platform Type Type of remote sensing platform used to measure the modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI) Producer defined Landsat Landsat satellite imagery https://landsat.usgs.gov Spectroradiometer Hand-held specroradiometer https://www.asdi.com MSAVI Modified soil-adjusted vegetation index https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0034425794901341 0.003640032 0.425348283 Unitless NPP Peak net primary production (NPP) determined from clipping aboveground biomass at the end of the growing season (September) Producer defined 26.85 359.09 grams of biomass per meter squared (g m-2) Seth M Munson U.S. Geological Survey Southwest Biological Science Center mailing and physical

2255 N. Gemini Dr.

Flagstaff AZ 86001 United States 928-556-7301 smunson@usgs.gov Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. 20200814 Seth M Munson U.S. Geological Survey Southwest Biological Science Center Research Ecologist mailing and physical

2255 N. Gemini Dr.

Flagstaff AZ 86001 United States 928-556-7301 smunson@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998