Emily C. Palmquist Miles E. McCoy-Sulentic Thomas E. Kolb 2017 XML workbook Flagstaff, AZ U.S. Geological Survey https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F73R0R24 McCoy-Sulentic, Miles E. Kolb, Thomas E. Merritt, David M. Palmquist, Emily Ralston, Barbara E. Sarr, Daniel A. Shafroth, Patrick B. 2017 journal manuscript The Netherlands Wetlands, Springer Netherlands https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-017-0895-3 These data were compiled based on field observations and available literature. Field observations of plant cover were made in September and October of 2013 and 2014, while trait measurements were made in September and October of 2014 and 2015. Field data was collected on sandbars along the Colorado River through Grand Canyon between river miles 0 and 226. Field measurements of specific leaf area, stem specific gravity, and total cover. Plant height was taken from the Flora of North America, the Jepson Desert Manual, or A Utah Flora. Seed mass values were available from the Kew Seed Information Database (http://data.kew.org/sid/). Photosynthetic pathway was compiled from published literature. The trait values were converted to a community-level value using two matrices: a matrix of the relative species cover (species cover/total cover) and a matrix of the average trait value for each species. These two matrices were multiplied, and then summed over all species in each plot to produce a community-level trait value for each plot. Inundation was calculated as the yearly average of the number of hours for each plot that the river stage, based on stage-discharge relationships, was greater than the surveyed plot elevation using USGS streamflow data. This exceedance probability was calculated as the probability that stage height will exceed plot height for the 2013 survey plots based on the 1984 - 2013 USGS streamflow record. The purpose of these data are to examine how plant cover varies by hydrology, how community-level traits vary across a hydrologic gradient, and how community-level traits are intercorrelated. These data provide weighted community trait values of 5 physiological traits, 1 vegetation community characteristic, and 2 measures of inundation frequency. These data consist of community-level specific leaf area, seed mass, plant height, stem specific gravity, proportion of cover by C4 species, total cover, hydrological zone, and average yearly inundation for hundreds of plots surveyed along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon during the 2013 and 2014 sandbar survey monitoring trips. These values are based on all vegetation within the measured plots, including both woody and herbaceous vegetation. They are relevant only to the plots and years described, and allow analysis of patterns of community level plant traits for two years over a gradient of inundation frequency along a reach of the heavily regulated Colorado River in Grand Canyon. Analysis outside the scope of trait-based vegetation analysis would be inappropriate. The values listed here may not be representative of water releases or plant communities for all years, and species-level trait values are not necessarily representative of the species across its entire range. Individual species trait values may be found in Palmquist, E.C., Ralston, B.E., Sarr, D., Merritt, D., Shafroth, P.B. & Scott, J.A. (2016) Southwestern Riparian Plant Trait Matrix, Colorado River, Grand Canyon, 2014 to 2016-Data: U.S. Geological Survey data release, http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7QV3JN1. See 'Distribution liability' statements for more information. 2013 2015 ground condition Complete Not planned -114.02379 -111.476798 36.965854 35.740126 USGS Thesaurus Community-level trait value Community assembly Environmental gradient Exceedance probability Field data Field measurements Field observations Flood disturbance adaptation Functional traits Inundation Specific leaf area Literature review Photosynthetic pathway Plant cover Plant height Relative species cover Riparian plants Sandbars Seed mass Species cover Stem specific gravity Stress adaptation Total cover Trait measurements Trait values USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:58a6016fe4b057081a24f911 Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Colorado River Grand Canyon Arizona Diamond Creek Lees Ferry Marble Canyon Glen Canyon Dam none none Emily C. Palmquist U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

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Flagstaff AZ 86001 usa 928-556-7008 epalmquist@usgs.gov Thanks to Barb Ralston, Patrick Shafroth, Dave Merritt, Julian Scott, and Anna Knight for helping to identify species, collect monitoring data, and share the data that made this work possible. Thanks also to the hard work of the sandbar survey crew who surveyed vegetation plot elevations. No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Data Acquisition/Collection & Data Entry: Data 1 & 2 - Survey data were collected on data sheets in the field, then entered after returning from the field. Plant species collections were made in the field and transported to NAU. Trait data for these species were measured in a lab at NAU, recorded in a lab notebook, then later entered into EXCEL. 2014 Data Quality Assessment and Control: Data 1 & Data 2 - Survey data were collected on data sheets in the field (Site, mile, date, year, transect, zone, plot, cover). Trait values were measured by Miles McCoy-Sulentic at NAU. Trait values were entered into EXCEL sheets and double-checked for accuracy by Miles McCoy-Sulentic. Calculations of weighted trait values, proportion of C4 species, and total cover were done in EXCEL and checked for accuracy by Miles McCoy-Sulentic. 2014 Lab or Office Analysis: Data 1 - EP values for plots were provided by USGS (Paul Grams via Dave Merritt). Column 'yravghr' – Average of yearly averages of the number of hours that river stage was greater than surveyed plot elevation for the whole year, based on stage-discharge relationships (Hazel et al. 2007), for 2007-2014. For columns Seed Mass, Height, SLA, SSG - A matrix of relative species cover within each 1 m2 plot was calculated by dividing each species cover by the total vegetation cover of the plot. A second matrix of the average trait value for each species was multiplied by the relative cover matrix, and then summed over all species in the plot to produce a community-level trait value for the plot. For the column %C4 - the sum of species with C4 photosynthetic pathway within a plot was divided by the total cover in that plot. These values are a proportion, rather than a percentage as the column title suggests. %C4 Values were multiplied by 100 for use in analysis. Data 2 - SumTotalCover is the sum of percent cover of each species within a plot. 2014 Finalize Workbook for Dissemination: Data sent to the Southwest Biological Science Center Data Steward for dissemination and preservation per USGS Interim Memorandum Policies, IM OSQI 2015-01, IM OSQI 2015-02, IM OSQI 2015-03 & IM OSQI 2015-04 (January 2015). SBSC Data Steward created 3 additional worksheets (Workbook Metadata, Column Metadata, and Manuscript & Data) and populated with metadata information about the data contained in the EXCEL workbook. 2017 Data 1 These data represent plant traits data (seed mass, plant height, specific leaf area, stem specific gravity, photosynthetic pathway) and measures of inundation (inundation duration and exceedance probability) for sample plots on sandbars along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon. Producer defined Site Name of the sandbar (site) where total cover and trait data were collected. Producer defined sandbar site name Mile Location of the sandbar (site) where total cover and trait data were collected in river miles from Lees Ferry, AZ. For example, 2.5 is 2.5 miles along the Colorado River from Lees Ferry. Producer defined 2.5 225.5 miles Date Date the vegetation cover data was collected for each sample plot. Producer defined 10/4/2013 10/7/2013 date/time Year Year from which the vegetation cover data was collected for each sample plot. Extracted from Date. Producer defined 2013 2014 yyyy Transect A reference number indicating which transect the sample plot was located on at that sandbar. Three to 6 transects were placed at each site. Producer defined 1 6 number Zone Indicates which hydrologic zone the plot was located in. Hydrologic zones are based on the area that is flooded with a certain range of discharge. Plots that would be inundated with flows below 25, 000 cfs are in the Active Channel (AC), flows between 25, 000 to 45, 000 cfs are in the Active Floodplain (AF), and flows above 45, 000 cfs are in the inactive floodplain. Producer defined AC active channel producer defined AF active floodplain producer defined IF inactive floodplain producer defined Plot A reference number for each plot. A unique value of 1 - 36 was given to each plot at each sandbar (site). producer defined 1 56 number EP Exceedance probability: calculated as the probability that stage height will exceed plot height for the 2013 survey plots based on the 1984 - 2013 USGS streamflow record. Records with no values (empty cells) represent data that were not available. producer defined 0.00000000557 0.715965641 probability value yravghr Inundation duration: calculated as the yearly average of number of hours for each plot that the river stage, based on stage-discharge relationships, was greater than the surveyed plot elevation during the growing season (April-September) of 2007-2014 using USGS streamflow data. Records with no values (empty cells) represent data that were not available. producer defined 0.14 5898.5 yearly average of number of hours GS Hrs Inundated Inundation duration: calculated as the number of hours for each plot that the river stage, based on stage-discharge relationships, was greater than the surveyed plot elevation during the growing season (April-September) of 2007-2014 using USGS streamflow data. producer defined 0 25437 hours Seed Mass Community-level seed mass: average seed mass for each species in the plot multiplied by the relative cover of that species in that plot, then summed over species located in that plot. producer defined 0.01 179.33 average seed mass Height Community-level plant height: average plant height for each species in the plot multiplied by the relative cover of that species in that plot, then summed over species located in that plot. producer defined 0.19 7.5 average plant height SLA Community-level specific leaf area: average specific leaf area for each species in the plot multiplied by the relative cover of that species in that plot, then summed over species located in that plot. producer defined 0.12 472.18 average specific leaf area SSG Community-level stem specific gravity: average stem specific gravity for each species in the plot multiplied by the relative cover of that species in that plot, then summed over species located in that plot. producer defined 0.1 0.77 average stem specific gravity % C4 Percent of cover of species with C4 photosynthetic pathway. Producer defined 0 1 percent of species cover Sum Total Cover Sum of the percent foliar cover of each species. Each species is evaluated independently of other species, so the sum cover can be greater than 100% cover in layered vegetation. producer defined 0 170 sum of percent foliar cover Comments for EP Notes about missing exceedance probability values. producer defined enter Jeff's text here? Data 2 These data represent total foliar (plant) cover calculated from individual species covers for sample plots on sandbars along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon. Producer defined Site Name of the sandbar (site) where total cover and trait data were collected. producer defined Enter Jeff's text here Mile Location of the sandbar (site) where total cover and trait data were collected in river miles from Lees Ferry, AZ. For example, 2.5 is 2.5 miles along the Colorado River from Lees Ferry. producer defined 2.5 225.5 mile Date Date the vegetation cover data was collected for each sample plot. producer defined 2013 2014 year Year Year from which the vegetation cover data was collected for each sample plot. Extracted from Date. producer defined 2013 2014 year Transect A reference number indicating which transect the sample plot was located on at that sandbar. Three to 6 transects were placed at each site. producer defined 1 6 reference number Zone Indicates which hydrologic zone the plot was located in. Hydrologic zones are based on the area that is flooded with a certain range of discharge. Plots that would be inundated with flows below 25, 000 cfs are in the Active Channel (AC), flows between 25, 000 to 45, 000 cfs are in the Active Floodplain (AF), and flows above 45, 000 cfs are in the inactive floodplain. producer defined AC active channel producer defined AF active floodplain producer defined IF inactive floodplain producer defined Plot A reference number for each plot. A unique value of 1 - 36 was given to each plot at each sandbar (site). producer defined 1 56 reference number Sum Total Cover Sum of the percent foliar cover of each species. Each species is evaluated independently of other species, so the sum cover can be greater than 100% cover in layered vegetation. producer defined 0 186 sum of percent foliar cover ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

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Denver CO 80225 usa 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov The authors of these data require that data users contact them regarding intended use and to assist with understanding limitations and interpretation. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. 20200827 Kyrie Fry U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

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Flagstaff AZ 86001 usa 928-556-7380 kfry@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998