David M. Mushet James W. LaBaugh Thomas C. Winter Unpublished material 1980-1999 Tabular Digital Data http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F78W3BH2 David M. Mushet Ned H. Euliss Donald O. Rosenberry James W. LaBaugh Sheel Bansal Zeno F. Levy Owen P. McKenna Kyle I. McLean Christopher T. Mills Brian P. Neff Richard D. Nelson Matthew J. Solensky Brian Tangen 2022 publication n/a US Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1874 This dataset contains water chemistry measurements for groundwater wells in the Cottonwood Lake Study Area, Stutsman County, North Dakota. Record components of water chemistry for groundwater wells in the Cottonwood Lake Study Area in order to identify seasonal and interannual changes in water quality and facilitate a better understanding of the influence of natural and human modified climate variability on the hydrology of prairie wetland ecosystems. This dataset is part of the Missouri Coteau Wetland Ecosystem Observatory database that is a collection of data documenting biotic and abiotic responses of wetlands to long-term climate and land-use change in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of the U.S. The PPR has a naturally dynamic climate that is characterized by extended wet and dry periods, and its wetlands have spatially variable hydrologic and biotic traits. The Cottonwood Lake Study Area in Stutsman County, North Dakota contains wetlands representative of multiple positions along a hydrologic continuum, from groundwater recharge to discharge. The extensive history of data collection in the Cottonwood Lakes Study Area provides a unique opportunity to assess the impact of climate variability on ecosystem health and productivity. 1980 1999 Observed Complete As needed -99.10625 -99.09115 47.10265 47.09547 The Cottonwood Lake Study Area is part of a complex of Waterfowl Production Areas in Stutsman County, North Dakota owned and managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. USGS Thesaurus Water sampling Wetland functions Water properties Chemical analysis Water quality Biogeochemical cylcing Effects of climate change Land use change Wetland ecosystems USGS Biocomplexity Thesaurus Wetlands Wetland agriculture Biogeochemistry Biochemical analysis Climatic change Land use Hydrology ISO 19115 Topic Categories inlandWaters USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:587678d6e4b00d87a818b746 Geographic Names Information System United States of America North Dakota Stutsman County None Northern Great Plains Prairie Pothole Region Cottonwood Lake Study Area FWS Cadastral Database CHASE LAKE WETLAND MANAGEMENT DISTRICT>STUTSMAN COUNTY WATERFOWL PRODUCTION AREA>Eddy CHASE LAKE WETLAND MANAGEMENT DISTRICT>STUTSMAN COUNTY WATERFOWL PRODUCTION AREA>Shuler Authorized distribution is strongly recommended to be direct from the distributor described above or from U.S. Geological Survey Science Base Catalog Service (hhtps://www.sciencebase.gov). Data integrity can be verified using authentification information herein. The distributor makes no claims as to the suitability of these data for other purpose than those described herein. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual ground conditions. Users should also be aware that comparison with other data sets for the same area that were generated from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in mapping conventions, data collection, and computer processing methods over time. The distributor shall not be liable for improper or incorrect use of these data, based on the description of appropriate/inappropriate uses described in this metadata document. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices for data source is expected by users of this data set. Notification of new data products developed directly from these data would also be appreciated; please notify the listed primary contact or U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Center staff. David M. Mushet U.S. Geological Survey Physical and mailing

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Jamestown North Dakota 58401 United States 1-701-253-5558 dmushet@usgs.gov 8:00 AM - 4:30 PM CST CottonwoodLakeStudyAreaPPR.png Cottonwood Lake Study Area is located in Stutsman County, North Dakota within the Prairie Pothole Region of the USA. PNG Funding was provided by U.S. Geological Survey, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Unpublished material Webpage https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/52f0ffd9e4b0f941aa181fc6 All attributes have been checked for accuracy. Water chemistry measurements were checked for logical consistency upon entry into the dataset. This dataset contains all water chemistry records from Cottonwood Lake Study Area wells from 1980-1999. Water samples were collected from wells and processed as described under 'Methodology' 1999 Laboratory Data for 1980 to 1982 analyses performed at Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center lab by Vyto Adomiatis. Methods of analysis desribed in Swanson and others, 1988, Chemical characteristics of prairie lakes in South-central North Dakota - Their potential for influencing use by Fish and Wildlife. US Fish and Wildlife Service Technical Report 18. Data for 1983 to 1991 analyses performed by USGS National Laboratory in Denver Colorado - data from Jim LaBaugh USGS. Methods of analysis are described in Fishman and Friedman 1985 - Techniques of water resources investigations. U.S. Geological Survey, Book 5. Data for 1999. Sample collection was done by Tom Winter. Chemical analyses were done in Howard Taylor's laboratory in Boulder Colorado by Rene Parkhurst using procedures similar to USGS National Laboratory. The attribute "wellno" refers to the specific groundwater well at the Cottonwood Lake Study Area that was sampled. CLSAWaterChemistryWells.csv Groundwater-well water chemistry data from the Cottonwood Lake Study Area. This table contains measurements of several chemicals from groundwater wells within the CLSA per sampling effort. Measurements represent chemical analyses performed in either the field or in the laboratory. Originator defined SOURCE Lab where chemistry analyses were performed Originator defined NPWRC Analyses performed at Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center by Vyto Adomiatis. Methods of analysis described in Swanson and others, 1988, Chemical Characteristics of Prairie Lakes in South-central North Dakota - Their Potential for Influencing Use by Fish and Wildlife. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Technical Report 18 Originator defined USGS1 Analyses performed by USGS National Laboratory in Denver Colorado - data from James LaBaugh USGS. Methods of analysis are described in Fishman and Friedman 1985 - Techniques of Water Resources Investigations. U.S. Geological Survey, Book 5 Originator defined USGS2 Sample collection was done by Tom Winter. Chemical analyses were done in Howard Taylor's laboratory in Boulder Colorado by Rene Parkhurst using procedures similar to USGS National Laboratory. Originator defined wellno Unique identifier of groundwater wells within the Cottonwood Lake Study Area Originator defined 2 Groundwater well number 2 (located at Latitude = 47.098542 Longitude = -99.094972) Originator defined 3 Groundwater well number 3 (located at Latitude = 47.098835 Longitude = -99.095329) Originator defined 4 Groundwater well number 4 (located at Latitude = 47.47.097301 Longitude = -99.092965) Originator defined 4.1 Groundwater well number 4.1 (located at Latitude = 47.097275 Longitude = -99.092981) Originator defined 7 Groundwater well number 7 (located at Latitude = 47.098229 Longitude = -99.094363) Originator defined 8 Groundwater well number 8 (located at Latitude = 47.098269 Longitude = -99.094481) Originator defined 10 Groundwater well number 10 (located at Latitude = 47.099114 Longitude = -99.095494) Originator defined 11 Groundwater well number 11 (located at Latitude = 47.099218 Longitude = -99.095870) Originator defined 12 Groundwater well number 12 (located at Latitude = 47.099187 Longitude = -99.096110) Originator defined 13 Groundwater well number 13 (located at Latitude = 47.098777 Longitude = -99.097426) Originator defined 14 Groundwater well number 14 (located at Latitude = 47.097679 Longitude = -99.097560) Originator defined 15 Groundwater well number 15 (located at Latitude = 47.098761 Longitude = -99.102544) Originator defined 16 Groundwater well number 16 (located at Latitude = 47.098870 Longitude = -99.103064) Originator defined 17 Groundwater well number 17 (located at Latitude = 47.097516 Longitude = -99.100170) Originator defined 18 Groundwater well number 18 (located at Latitude = 47.097234 Longitude = -99.101023) Originator defined 19 Groundwater well number 19 (located at Latitude = 47.096938 Longitude = -99.099328) Originator defined 20 Groundwater well number 20 (located at Latitude = 47.097168 Longitude = -99.099084) Originator defined 21 Groundwater well number 21 (located at Latitude = 47.096481 Longitude = -99.098583) Originator defined 22 Groundwater well number 22 (located at Latitude = 47.096745 Longitude = -99.102237) Originator defined 23 Groundwater well number 23 (located at Latitude = 47.098025 Longitude = -99.101783) Originator defined 25 Groundwater well number 25 (located at Latitude = 47.099334 Longitude = -99.099198) Originator defined 26 Groundwater well number 26 (located at Latitude = 47.099207 Longitude = -99.100117) Originator defined 27 Groundwater well number 27 (located at Latitude = 47.099817 Longitude = -99.100149) Originator defined 28 Groundwater well number 28 (located at Latitude = 47.100092 Longitude = -99.099140) Originator defined 29 Groundwater well number 29 (located at Latitude = 47.099572 Longitude = -99.102244) Originator defined 32 Groundwater well number 32 (located at Latitude = 47.099625 Longitude = -99.094034) Originator defined 33 Groundwater well number 33 (located at Latitude = 47.100463 Longitude = -99.093058) Originator defined 35 Groundwater well number 35 (located at Latitude = 47.099014 Longitude = -99.094064) Originator defined 36 Groundwater well number 36 (located at Latitude = 47.101423 Longitude = -99.096334) Originator defined 38 Groundwater well number 38 (located at Latitude = 47.100253 Longitude = -99.103947) Originator defined 41 Groundwater well number 41 (located at Latitude = 47.097201 Longitude = -99.103319) Originator defined 43 Groundwater well number 43 (located at Latitude = 47.096338 Longitude = -99.105747) Originator defined YEAR The year of sample date Gegorian calendar year 1980 1999 Years Month The month of sample date Gegorian calendar month 1 11 Day The day of sample date Gegorian calendar day 1 31 al Dissolved alumninum in milligrams per liter Originator defined 20 30 Milligrams per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (detection limit = 10) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined alk Alkalinity in milligrams per liter as CaCO3 (reporting / detection limit = 5) Originator defined 24 642 Milligrams per liter as CaCO3 NA Missed sample date Originator defined balk bicarbonate alkalinity in milligrams per liter Originator defined 280 720 Milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined br dissolved bromide in milligrams per liter Originator defined 0.021 1.2 Milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined ca Dissolved calcium in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 1) Originator defined 1.27 624 Milligrams per liter calk Carbonate alkalinity in milligrams per liter Originator defined 0 100 milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined cl Dissolved chloride in milligrams per liter Originator defined 0.1 310 Milligrams per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (< 0.5) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined fieldec Specific conductance in microsiemens per centimeter, measured when sample was collected Originator defined 893 11600 Microsiemens per centimeter NA Missed sample date Originator defined fe Dissolved iron in micrograms per liter (reporting / detection limit = 10) Originator defined 5 9800 Micrograms per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined fl dissolved fluroide in milligrams per liter Originator defined 0.2 0.3 milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined fieldph pH measured when sample was collected Originator defined 6.9 7.5 NA Missed sample date Originator defined ftkn Kjeldahl nitrogen as N in milligrams per liter (analysis on filtered water) Originator defined 0.14 4.44 milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined D Sample lower than detection limit (< 0.5) Originator defined ftp total phosphorus in milligrams per liter as P (analysis on filtered water) Originator defined 0.02 1.89 milligrams per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (Detection limit = 0.02) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined i dissolved iodide in milligrams per liter Originator defined 0.003 0.027 milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined k Dissolved potassium in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 1) Originator defined 0.4 65.7 Milligrams per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (< 1) Originator defined labec Specific conductance in microsiemens per centimeter, measured in the lab Originator defined 426 16200 Microsiemens per centimeter NA Missed sample date Originator defined li dissolved lithium in micrograms per liter Originator defined 43 1200 micrograms per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined labph pH of the sample, measured in the lab Originator defined 6.9 8.7 NA Missed sample date Originator defined mg Dissolved magnesium in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 1) Originator defined 19 3200 Milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined mn Dissolved manganese in micrograms per liter (reporting / detection limit = 10) Originator defined 40 9500 Milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined mo Dissolved molybdenum in micrograms per liter (reporting / detection limit = 1) Originator defined 0.115 17 Micrograms per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (<1) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined na Dissolved sodium in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 1) Originator defined 2.7 1800 Milligrams per liter nh3-N Dissolved ammoniua in milligrams per liter as N (reporting / detection limit = 0.002) Originator defined 0.017 1.6 Milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined nh3org-N Nitrogen, ammonia plus organic, total in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 0.1) Originator defined 0.2 19 Milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined no2-N Dissolved nitrite in milligrams per liter as N (reporting / detection limit = 0.02) Originator defined 0.001 4 Milligrams per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (< 0.02) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined no3-N dissolved nitrate in millgrams per liter as N Originator defined 0.01 0.04 millgrams per liter as N D Sample lower than detection limit (< 0.01) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined no2no3-N Dissolved nitrite plus nitrate as N in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 0.01) Originator defined 0.007 0.449 Milligrams per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (< 0.01) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined sio2 Dissolved silica as SiO2 in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 0.2) Originator defined 8.2 70 Milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined so4 Dissolved sulfate in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 0.5) Originator defined 3.48 22500 Milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined srp Soluble reactive phosphorus in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 0.001) Originator defined 0.002 0.4 Milligrams per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (<0.001) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined talk Total alkalinity in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 10) Originator defined 330 720 Milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined tempc Field temperature in degrees C Originator defined 7 17 Celcius NA Missed sample date Originator defined tkn Total Kjeidahl nitrogen in milligrams per liter (reporting / detection limit = 0.5) Originator defined 0.08 9.31 milligrams per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (< 0.5) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined tnh3 total ammonia in milligrams per liter as N (reporting / detection limit = 0.01) Originator defined 0.04 1.5 Milligrams per liter NA Missed sample date Originator defined tnox Total nitrite plus nitrate in milligrams per liter as N (reporting / detection limit = 0.01) Originator defined 0.01 0.4 Milligrams per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (< 0.01) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined totp Total phosphorus in milligrams per liter as P (NPWRC reporting / detection limit = 0.02, USGS reporting / detection limit = 0.01, except for low-level analysis - reporting/detection limit = 0.001) Originator defined 0.003 17 Milligrams per liter D Sample lower than detection limit (USGS1 & USGS2 < 0.02, BOR < 0.001) Originator defined NA Missed sample date Originator defined U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Mailing

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Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov This dataset, identified as CLSAWaterChemistryWells.csv, has been approved for release and publication by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Although this dataset has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement from the U.S. Government. ASCII rfc4180; <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4180> Comma separated values CLSA Water Chemistry.csv No compression applied. 17 KB Carriage return line feed (ASCII 13,10) 1 Field names columnmajor N SOURCE , wellno , YEAR , MONTH , DAY , al NA , alk NA , balk NA , br NA , ca NA , calk NA , cl NA , fieldec NA , fe NA , fl NA , fieldph NA , ftkn NA , ftp NA , i NA , k NA , labec NA , li NA , labph NA , mg NA , mn NA , mo NA , na NA , nh4 NA , nh4org NA , no2 NA , no3 NA , no2no3 NA , sio2 NA , so4 NA , srp NA , talk NA , tempc NA , tkn NA , tnh4 NA , tnox NA , totp NA , https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/587678d6e4b00d87a818b746?name=CLSAWaterChemistryWells.csv None 20220421 Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Physical and mailing

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Jamestown ND 58401 United States 1-701-253-5500 npwrc_datamanager@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 It is strongly recommended that this metadata record is directly acquired from the distributor described above or from U.S. Geological Survey Science Data Catalog (http://data.usgs.gov/) or ScienceBase Catalog Service ([[https://www.sciencebase.gov]]). Acknowledgment of U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center as the metadata source would be appreciated. Please cite the original metadata when using summarized data herein or when using portions of the metadata record to create a similar record of slightly altered data, such as re-projection. http://www.fgdc.gov/metadata/geospatial-metadata-standards FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata En