Swayze, Gregg A. 20180124 CSV Denver, CO U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/F7JM27SR Gregg, Swayze A. Lowers, Heather A. Benzel, William M. Clark, Roger N. Driscoll, Rhonda L. Perlman, Zac S. Hoefen, Todd M. Dyar, M. Darby 2018 Report Washington, D.C. American Mineralogist http://doi.org/10.2138/am-2018-6022 This dataset contains results from electron microprobe analyses for expanded and unexpanded vermiculite samples. These data are provide for samples of vermiculite ore, expanded vermiculite insulation, horticultural products, aggregate, and packing materials derived from mines near Enoree, South Carolina; Libby, Montana; Louisa, Virginia; Palabora, South Africa; Jiangsu, China; and Llano, Texas. An ASCII text file of results is provided in comma-separated by value (csv) format. The file has the name “vermiculite_probe_microanalyses_data.csv”. Data were obtained to develop an in situ spectral technique to identify the provenance (e.g., source) for use by inspectors and laboratories for identifying potentially asbestos-bearing vermiculite insulation in buildings and homes. Lowers, H.A., and Meeker, G.P. (2004) Electron probe microanalysis as a tool for identifying vermiculite sources. Proceedings of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Vol. 10, Supplement 2, Microscopy Society of America, p. 904-905. Cambridge University Press. 2000 2016 ground condition Complete Not planned -128.7597656235 -62.490234376141 49.922653763102 23.684373489276 none Vermiculite insulation expanded vermiculite reflectance spectroscopy elongate amphiboles Libby provenance VSPEC technique electron probe microanalysis spectroscopy Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center CGGSC Central Minerals and Environmental Resources Science Center CMERSC Mineral Resources Program MRP ISO 19115 Topic Categories geoscientificInformation environment USGS Thesaurus scanning electron microscopy electron probe microanalysis chemical analysis mineralogy x-ray diffraction mineral deposits USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:586d4171e4b0f5ce109fc75c Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Enoree South Carolina Libby Montana Louisa Virginia GEOnet Names Server (GNS) Palabora South Africa Jiangsu China none There is no guarantee concerning the accuracy of the data. Any user who modifies the data is obligated to describe the types of modifications they perform. Data have been checked to ensure the accuracy. If any errors are detected, please notify the originating office. The U.S. Geological Survey strongly recommends that careful attention be paid to the metadata file associated with these data. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data. User specifically agrees not to misrepresent the data, nor to imply that changes made were approved or endorsed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Please refer to http://www.usgs.gov/privacy.html for the USGS disclaimer. Gregg Swayze U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

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Denver CO 80225 USA 303-236-0925 gswayze@usgs.gov This release of the dataset was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program (MRP). No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Lowers, H.A., and Meeker, G.P. 2004 Table Cambridge University Press Microscopy Society of America https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/505a08a9e4b0c8380cd51bf7 Electron Probe MicroAnalysis 20040101 20041231 20161221 EPMA Helped determine the origin of expanded vermiculite samples Quantitative elemental analysis of carbon coated polished grain mounts of vermiculite using EPMA were acquired with a fully automated JEOL JXA-8900® electron microprobe equipped with five wavelength X-ray spectrometers. Operating conditions were 15 kV, 20 nA (cup), 5 μm beam diameter, and 20 seconds on the peak and 10 seconds on the background. Well- characterized silicate and oxide mineral standards were used for calibration. The data were normalized to 22 oxygen equivalents using the ZAF correction procedure supplied by JEOL. The analytical errors for EPMA were approximately ±2 percent relative concentration for major and minor elements (Si, Al, Fe, Mg, and K) based on replicate analyses of laboratory standards. Errors for the trace elements (Na, Ca, Ti, and Mn) were approximately ±3 percent (Lowers and Meeker, 2004). An attempt was made to analyze at least 50 individual grains from each sample, where possible, dependent on grain size and the quality of the sample mount’s polished surface. Traditional determination of non-essential water (H2O- released during heating to 105°C) and essential water (H2O+ released during heating from 105 to 950°C) in vermiculite may underestimate the essential component because weakly held interlayer water may be driven off by heating at temperatures as low as 80°C (Weiss and Rowland, 1956). A better estimate of essential water in vermiculite (interlayer plus OH equivalent) was determined by heating the selected vermiculite ore samples (one from each of the four major historical sources) at 70°C for 2 hours and subtracting the resulting weight change values (i.e., absorbed H2O) from the combined H2O- and H2O+ values. These samples regained their original weight when left to reabsorb atmospheric water over a two-day period suggesting their water loss mimics what happens in the desiccating environment of an electron microprobe sample chamber during analysis, so they should provide a better comparison to microprobe elemental totals. 2016 Sample collection location (e.g., city) is given for each sample; otherwise the city of product purchase or manufacture is provided when available. Exact sample locations are unavailable. vermiculite_probe_microanalyses_data.csv Vermiculite data from probe microanalyses U.S. Geological Survey Sample_Number Unique identifier assigned to each sample U.S. Geological Survey Field content described in attribute definition. Source Source of sample; mine if known or nearest town U.S. Geological Survey Field content described in attribute definition. Locale Nearest populated place to the source of the sample U.S. Geological Survey Field content described in attribute definition. State State or country where mine is located. U.S. Geological Survey Field content described in attribute definition. Origin Source of origin for sample U.S. Geological Survey Known Origin is documented from a particular site U.S. Geological Survey Determined Source is determined from spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis U.S. Geological Survey Unexpanded_or_expanded Physical state of vermiculite flakes U.S. Geological Survey Unexpanded Vermiculite flakes in unexpanded state U.S. Geological Survey Expanded Vermiculite flakes in expanded state U.S. Geological Survey Used_in_figure_or_table Lists which figures or table the spectrum is used in. Figures can be seen in the sample description pdf files. U.S. Geological Survey Electron_microprobe_provenance_figures Data used in electron microprobe provenance figures in the sample description pdf files U.S. Geological Survey Electron_microprobe_provenance_figure_field_boundaries Data used in electron microprobe provenance diagrams with field boundaries shown in the sample description pdf files U.S. Geological Survey Expanded_vermiculites_box_and_wisker_figures Data used in expanded vermiculites box and whisker figures found in the published manuscript U.S. Geological Survey expanded_vermiculites_provenance_figures Data used in expanded vermiculites provenance figures found in the sample description pdf files U.S. Geological Survey Mg_vermiculite_compositional_table Data used in magnesium-vermiculite composition table U.S. Geological Survey vermicuilte_ore_composition_table Data used in vermiculite ore composition table U.S. Geological Survey SiO2_WtPerc Silica Dioxide. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 16.81 61.27 oxide weight percent Al2O3_WtPerc Aluminium Oxide. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0.01 25.85 oxide weight percent TiO2_WtPerc Titanium Dioxide. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -0.01 9.62 oxide weight percent FeO_WtPerc Iron (II) Oxide. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0.163502 16.7 oxide weight percent MnO_WtPerc Manganese Oxide. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -0.01 0.36 oxide weight percent MgO_WtPerc Magnesium Oxide. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 3.65 36.93 oxide weight percent CaO_WtPerc Calcium Oxide. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -0.03 3.8 oxide weight percent Na2O_WtPerc Sodium Oxide. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -0.02 9.57 oxide weight percent K2O_WtPerc Potassium Oxide. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0 10.55 oxide weight percent F_WtPerc Fluorine. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0 1.831 element weight percent Cl_WtPerc Chlorine. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -0.01 1.24 element weight percent H2O_WtPct Water weight percent determined by difference of oxide weight percents from 100 weight percent total. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 20.5434 oxide weight percent Total_WtPerc Total weight percent oxides and elements. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 101.78 oxide weight percent PreTotalOxide Total weight percent oxides and elements prior to accounting for presence of F and Cl. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 95.130467 oxide weight percent OeqFCl Oxide weight equivalent of F and Cl. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 0.377253291 oxide weight percent TotalFCl Total weight percent corrected for presence of F and Cl. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 95.05774384 oxide weight percent Si_Cat22 Silica.Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 3.69342 8.05 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit Al_Cat22 Aluminium. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 4.31 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit AlTet_Cat22 Aluminium in tetrahedral sites. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 2.459685348 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit AlOct_Cat22 Aluminium in octahedral sites. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 0.714070322 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit Ti_Cat22 Titanium.Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0 1.09 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit Fe_Cat22 Ferrous Iron. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0.014744 2.41 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit Mn_Cat22 Manganese Oxide. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0 0.05 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit Mg_Cat22 Magnesium. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0.89 8.74 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit Ca_Cat22 Calcium. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0 0.82 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit Na_Cat22 Sodium. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -0.01 3.4 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit K_Cat22 Potassium. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0 2.15 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit F_Cat22 Flourine. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0 0.8335 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit Cl_Cat22 Chlorine. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey 0 0.69 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit TotalCations Total cations. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 16.5882 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit MgFe_Mg Sum of Mg and Fe cations divided by Mg cations. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 0.99 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit Al_MgFe Al cations divided by the sum of (Mg and Fe cations divided by Mg cations). Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 8.88 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit Al_Ti Al cations divided by Ti cations. Negative values indicate results less than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A value of -9999 means not analyzed or constituent not present. U.S. Geological Survey -9999 583.77 cation number based on 22 oxygen equivalents per formula unit U.S. Geological Survey – ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey – ScienceBase mailing and physical

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