<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<metadata xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <idinfo>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>Blair, James Luke</origin>
        <origin>Ponti, Daniel J.</origin>
        <pubdate>2019</pubdate>
        <title>Hillshade raster (235-degree azimuth, 20-degree sun angle) derived from lidar data collected after the August 24, 2014 South Napa Earthquake</title>
        <geoform>Raster Digital Data Set</geoform>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Menlo Park, CA</pubplace>
          <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <onlink>https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P26W84</onlink>
        <lworkcit>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>Ponti, Daniel J.</origin>
            <origin>Rosa, Carla M.</origin>
            <origin>Blair, James Luke</origin>
            <pubdate>2019</pubdate>
            <title>Digital Datasets Documenting Fault Rupture and Ground Deformation Features Produced by the Mw 6.0 South Napa Earthquake of August 24, 2014</title>
            <geoform>Data Release</geoform>
            <serinfo>
              <sername>data</sername>
              <issue>release</issue>
            </serinfo>
            <pubinfo>
              <pubplace>Menlo Park, CA</pubplace>
              <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
            </pubinfo>
            <onlink>https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/58471846e4b0f34b016ff288</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </lworkcit>
      </citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <descript>
      <abstract>Hillshade of lidar-derived, bare earth digital elevation model, with 235-degree azimuth and 20-degree sun angle, 0.25m resolution, depicting earthquake effects following the August 24, 2014 South Napa Earthquake.</abstract>
      <purpose>Because most fault rupture produces small-scale micro-topography, the detailed elevation data obtained from the September 9, 2014 USGS/Towill LiDAR acquisition proved extremely valuable for identifying fault rupture that could not be observed on imagery. This was especially true where strike-slip faulting in unconsolidated material produced characteristic “mole tracks” (linear mounded zones that develop owing to off-strike shears) or where several cm or more of vertical offset was observed across the rupture. We found low sun angle hillshades of lidar data best portrayed small-scale faulting features, whereas typical high-angle hillshading techniques "wash out" such features.</purpose>
      <supplinf>All lidar and orthophotography data collected, processed and delivered by Towill, Inc. under California Department of Water Resources (DWR) contract 4600008691 Task Order 6 dated August 29, 2014 for the South Napa, CA Earthquake research project is in the public domain. DWR and the other cost-share partners listed above shall not accept any liability for its accuracy, quality or suitability for use by any entity.</supplinf>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <sngdate>
          <caldate>20140909</caldate>
        </sngdate>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>ground condition</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>None planned</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-122.366094241</westbc>
        <eastbc>-122.293208377</eastbc>
        <northbc>38.3510211613</northbc>
        <southbc>38.1907656878</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>ISO 19115 Topic Category</themekt>
        <themekey>geoscientificInformation</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Thesaurus</themekt>
        <themekey>earthquake occurrences</themekey>
        <themekey>image collections</themekey>
        <themekey>lidar</themekey>
        <themekey>faulting (geologic)</themekey>
        <themekey>field inventory and monitoring</themekey>
        <themekey>field methods</themekey>
        <themekey>field sampling</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Metadata Identifier</themekt>
        <themekey>USGS:585de173e4b01224f329bed3</themekey>
      </theme>
      <place>
        <placekt>Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)</placekt>
        <placekey>California</placekey>
        <placekey>San Francisco Bay</placekey>
        <placekey>Napa County</placekey>
        <placekey>Napa</placekey>
      </place>
    </keywords>
    <accconst>None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details.</accconst>
    <useconst>None. Users are advised to read the data set's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. DWR and the other cost-share partners listed shall not accept any liability for its accuracy, quality or suitability for use by any entity.</useconst>
    <ptcontac>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>James Luke Blair</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, PACIFIC REGION: EARTHQUAKE SCIENCE CENTER</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntpos>Geologist</cntpos>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>Mail Stop 977, 345 Middlefield Road</address>
          <city>Menlo Park</city>
          <state>CA</state>
          <postal>94025</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>650-329-4707</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>lblair@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </ptcontac>
    <datacred>Data collection was funded by the California Department of Water Resources, the US      Geological Survey, the California Geological Survey, and PEER-GEER. More information about the      data collection and application can be found in U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report      2014-1249.</datacred>
    <native>Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601)      Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.4 (Build 5524) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A)</native>
    <crossref>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>Ponti, Daniel J.</origin>
        <origin>Rosa, Carla M.</origin>
        <origin>Blair, James Luke</origin>
        <pubdate>2019</pubdate>
        <title>The Mw 6.0 South Napa Earthquake of August 24, 2014—Observations of surface faulting and ground deformation, with recommendations for improving post-earthquake field investigations</title>
        <serinfo>
          <sername>Open-File Report</sername>
          <issue>2019-1018</issue>
        </serinfo>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Menlo Park, CA</pubplace>
          <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <onlink>https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191018</onlink>
      </citeinfo>
    </crossref>
  </idinfo>
  <dataqual>
    <attracc>
      <attraccr>No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted.</attraccr>
    </attracc>
    <logic>No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.</logic>
    <complete>Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.</complete>
    <posacc>
      <horizpa>
        <horizpar>From Towill, Inc lidar data report: The least squares adjustment results revealed worst case horizontal and vertical network accuracies of 0.07 ft. horizontally and 0.10 ft. vertically at the 95% level of confidence.</horizpar>
      </horizpa>
      <vertacc>
        <vertaccr>From Towill, Inc lidar data report: The least squares adjustment results revealed worst case horizontal and vertical network accuracies of 0.07 ft. horizontally and 0.10 ft. vertically at the 95% level of confidence.</vertaccr>
      </vertacc>
    </posacc>
    <lineage>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>CDWR, USGS, CGS, PEER-GEER, Towill, Inc</origin>
            <pubdate>20150205</pubdate>
            <title>Napa airborne lidar reprocessed</title>
            <geoform>Raster Digital Data Set</geoform>
            <pubinfo>
              <pubplace>HDDS</pubplace>
              <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
            </pubinfo>
            <onlink>https://hddsexplorer.usgs.gov/data/list/disaster/201408_Earthquake_CA/data/AERIAL/NON_INGESTED/CA_DWR_LIDAR_REPROCESSED</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20140909</begdate>
              <enddate>20150127</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>ground condition</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>napa_sd_n_richbare.tif</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Source information used in support of the development of the data set.</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>The airborne data were acquired using an Optech Orion M300 scanner, an Applanix 
200 GPS- IMU, and a DiMac D-8900 ultralight medium format camera owned and operated by 
Towill, Inc., a California surveying and mapping firm. Ground control was performed, in 
part, with Trimble 5700 GPS units and zephyr antennas by Towill, who also incorporated 
data from nearby continuous PBO stations.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20140909</procdate>
      </procstep>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>Datums Horizontal: The horizontal datum is NAD83 (2011) with the coordinates referenced to the mid-epoch of the survey, namely 2014.69 (2014.09.10, DOY=253). As indicated in the discussion below, it was not possible to transform the coordinates to epoch 2010.0. The final values were computed on the California Coordinate System of 1983 (CCS83), Zone 0402, in U.S. Survey Feet. Vertical: The final least squares adjustment was not constrained to the NAVD88 elevations of any of the four benchmarks occupied during the survey. Rather, the network was constrained to the ellipsoidal heights of the PBO stations, while GEOID12A was used to compute the corresponding NAVD88 elevations. This approach was adopted so that any future repeat survey comparisons would not be obscured by local NAVD88 datum realization changes and by the fact that NAVD88 will soon be replaced by a system of ellipsoidal heights combined with a new high resolution geopotential (gravimetric) geoidal model. The associated elevation differences are presented in the table below.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20150127</procdate>
      </procstep>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>The point clouds as delivered did not contain proper coordinate system information in the LAS files headers. This information was written to the headers using the commercial software package lastools las2las tool as NAD83 California State Plane Zone II with units of survey feet and NAVD88 orthometric elevations. The original classified .las point clouds were transformed to NAD83 UTM Zone 10N with horizontal and vertical units of meters using lastools las2las tool. These point clouds were then reclassified using TerraSolid Terrascan into numbered classes: (1) unclassified, (2) ground, (3) low vegetation, (4) medium vegetation, (5) high vegetation, (6) building and (7) low points. Additional processes were in Terrascan were performed to enrich microtopography and to to remove artifacts. (Performed by Stephen DeLong, USGS).</procdesc>
        <procdate>20150203</procdate>
      </procstep>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>The "napa_sd_n_richbare.tif" DEM surface output by DeLong was then converted to a hillshade using ArcGIS. The Hillshade command had parmaters as follows: Azimuth: 235, Altitude: 20.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20150215</procdate>
      </procstep>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>The Hillshade was then converted to Geographic Coordinate System (GCS), WGS 1984.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20161201</procdate>
      </procstep>
    </lineage>
  </dataqual>
  <spdoinfo>
    <direct>Raster</direct>
    <rastinfo>
      <rasttype>Grid Cell</rasttype>
      <rowcount>62437</rowcount>
      <colcount>28397</colcount>
      <vrtcount>1</vrtcount>
    </rastinfo>
  </spdoinfo>
  <spref>
    <horizsys>
      <geograph>
        <latres>2.56667478384E-6</latres>
        <longres>2.56667478384E-6</longres>
        <geogunit>Decimal seconds</geogunit>
      </geograph>
      <geodetic>
        <horizdn>D_WGS_1984</horizdn>
        <ellips>WGS_1984</ellips>
        <semiaxis>6378137.0</semiaxis>
        <denflat>298.257223563</denflat>
      </geodetic>
    </horizsys>
  </spref>
  <eainfo>
    <detailed>
      <enttyp>
        <enttypl>Attribute Table</enttypl>
        <enttypd>Table containing attribute information associated with the data set.</enttypd>
        <enttypds>Producer defined</enttypds>
      </enttyp>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>Value</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>The illumination value for each raster cell, determined by its orientation to the light source.</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>0</rdommin>
            <rdommax>255</rdommax>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
    </detailed>
  </eainfo>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>U.S. Geological Survey – ScienceBase</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey – ScienceBase</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302</address>
          <city>Denver</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80225</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-888-275-8747</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>sciencebase@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <distliab>Distributor assumes no liability for misuse of data.</distliab>
    <stdorder>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>TIFF</formname>
          <formvern>None</formvern>
          <formspec>GeoTIFF</formspec>
          <formcont>A zip archive containing the GeoTIFF image</formcont>
          <transize>533.77</transize>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/585de173e4b01224f329bed3</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <fees>None</fees>
    </stdorder>
  </distinfo>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>U.S. Geological Survey – ScienceBase</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey – ScienceBase</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302</address>
          <city>Denver</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80225</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-888-275-8747</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>sciencebase@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <distliab>Distributor assumes no liability for misuse of data.</distliab>
    <stdorder>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>WMS</formname>
          <formvern>None</formvern>
          <formcont>ScienceBase Web Map Service</formcont>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/585de173e4b01224f329bed3?service=wms&amp;request=getcapabilities&amp;version=1.3.0</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <fees>None</fees>
    </stdorder>
  </distinfo>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>U.S. Geological Survey – ScienceBase</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey – ScienceBase</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302</address>
          <city>Denver</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80225</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-888-275-8747</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>sciencebase@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <distliab>Distributor assumes no liability for misuse of data.</distliab>
    <stdorder>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>WCS</formname>
          <formvern>None</formvern>
          <formcont>ScienceBase Web Coverage Services</formcont>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/585de173e4b01224f329bed3?service=wcs&amp;request=getcapabilities&amp;version=1.0.0</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <fees>None</fees>
    </stdorder>
  </distinfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metd>20200818</metd>
    <metc>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>James Luke Blair</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, PACIFIC REGION</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntpos>Geologist</cntpos>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>Mail Stop 977, 345 Middlefield Road</address>
          <city>Menlo Park</city>
          <state>CA</state>
          <postal>94025</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>650-329-4707</cntvoice>
        <cntfax>650-329-5163</cntfax>
        <cntemail>lblair@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </metc>
    <metstdn>Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
    <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
  </metainfo>
</metadata>
