James Michael Beerens Stephanie S. Romanach Allison Marie Lambert Benscoter 20191119 Raster Digital Data Set Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://doi.org/10.5066/F77M063T Allison M. Benscoter James M. Beerens Stephanie S. Romañach 20191112 publication n/a Springer Science and Business Media LLC http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-019-01230-2 Understanding the long-term consequences of hurricane effects on wildlife and their habitats is critical to efficiently and effectively protect and restore important coastal wetland and marsh habitat. Hurricane Sandy caused widespread and substantial physical, environmental, ecological damage, likely impacting the food supplies, habitats, and reproductive success of many animal species along the coast. Further, physical alterations to habitats throughout the impacted area significantly increased the region’s vulnerability to future storm events, posing new risks to communities and ecosystems. For this project, we quantify suitable habitat for New Jersey's coastal waterbirds. Our objective is to develop avian species distribution models using historic habitat associations to represent probability of use. These data can be used for various purposes, such as determining areas of suitable habitat affected by Hurricane Sandy, detecting potential shifts in avian habitat-use before and after the storm, and identifying areas most appropriate for habitat restoration and avian recovery. This dataset is separated into 7 zipped GeoTIFF rasters, each with its own metadata documentation. Spatial extent and descriptions in this document reflect the project as a whole and may not be indicative of the individual raster files. See their self-contained metadata for more information. Author ORCIDs: Beerens, J.M.(0000-0001-8143-916X);Romañach, S.S.(0000-0003-0271-7825);Benscoter, A.M.L.(0000-0003-4205-3808) 20000111 20121028 ground condition Complete Not planned -75.545592 -73.9168353 41.0935136 38.9280678 5-km radius of the Hurricane Sandy high water mark None marsh habitat avian ecology Hurricane Sandy species distribution model USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:58135e56e4b0d63fd467b7ea Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) New Jersey None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. Users are advised to read the data set's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. James Beerens U.S. Geological Survey Mailing and Physical

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Davie Florida 33314 United States 9543775934 jbeerens@usgs.gov Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.4.1 (Build 5686) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) USGS Biocomplexity Thesaurus Birds Integrated Taxonomic Information System 2016 Online repository of taxonomic information http://www.itis.gov/index.html This dataset uses previously identified records obtained from various biodiversity databases. Species identification was complete and unambiguous. New Jersey coastal waterbirds Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Tetrapoda Class Aves Order Pelecaniformes Family Ardeidae Subfamily Botaurinae Genus Botaurus Species Botaurus lentiginosus Avetoro norteño American Bittern Butor d'Amérique Subfamily Ardeinae Genus Nycticorax Species Nycticorax nycticorax Pedrete corona negra Black-crowned Night Heron Black-crowned Night-Heron Bihoreau gris Subspecies Nycticorax nycticorax falklandicus Subspecies Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli Subspecies Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax Subspecies Nycticorax nycticorax obscurus Genus Ardea Species Ardea alba Great Egret Grande Aigrette Subspecies Ardea alba alba Subspecies Ardea alba egretta Subspecies Ardea alba melanorhynchos Genus Egretta Species Egretta thula Garceta pie-dorado Snowy Egret Aigrette neigeuse Subspecies Egretta thula brewsteri Subspecies Egretta thula thula Genus Nyctanassa Species Nyctanassa violacea Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Pedrete corona clara Yellow-crowned Night Heron Bihoreau violacé Subspecies Nyctanassa violacea bancrofti Subspecies Nyctanassa violacea caliginis Subspecies Nyctanassa violacea cayennensis Subspecies Nyctanassa violacea pauper Subspecies Nyctanassa violacea violacea Family Threskiornithidae Subfamily Threskiornithinae Genus Plegadis Species Plegadis falcinellus Ibis cara oscura Glossy Ibis Ibis falcinelle No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has either not been conducted, or is not applicable. Development of the data set by the agency / individuals identified in the 'Originator' element in the Identification Info section of the record. Unknown Lab Occurrence data for the study species was gathered from Biodiversity Information Serving our Nation (BISON; https://bison.usgs.gov) and through a data request via the USGS Bird Banding Laboratory at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/bbl/). Additionally, we obtained data from the New Jersey Biotics database via the New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife (http://www.njfishandwildlife.com/ensphome.htm), the New Jersey Breeding Bird Atlas (http://www.njaudubon.org/SectionResearch/NJBreedingBirdAtlas.aspx), and the USGS Waterbird Monitoring Partnership at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/cwb/database/). Occurrence data were filtered to only include species records in New Jersey from 2000 - Nov 2012, prior to landfall of Hurricane Sandy. Lab In ArcMap, each used location and each random location representing available habitat was classified by predictor variables that characterized waterbird habitat (obtained from publicly available environmental data layers) . Habitat selection by American Bitterns, Black-crowned Night Herons, Glossy Ibises, Great Egrets, Snowy Egrets, and Yellow-crowned Night Herons was modeled using resource selection functions (RSFs) with multiple explanatory variables (RSFs yield values proportional to the probability of use of a resource unit; Manly et al. 2002). We estimated RSFs for all species using a stratified Cox proportional-hazards likelihood-maximization routine (PROC PHREG; SAS Institute 2003), which allows available resource units to change across available land cover periods (2002, 2007, 2012). The discrete choice model was estimated by maximizing the multinomial logit likelihood (Manly et al. 2002). A Priori models were constructed and evaluated using Akaike’s Information Criterion for small sample sizes (AICc) to determine which models were most parsimonious (Burnham and Anderson 2002). Parameter estimates for final models were model averaged based on their weight. Lab Model output representing species probability of use (0-1) was be partitioned into 4 classes (0-3) based on 50/75/95 output quantiles for the more generalist Great Egret and Snowy Egret and 75/90/95 for other more specialist species using ArcGIS Desktop (ESRI 2013). A combined waterbird habitat suitability index (HSI) was generated by adding the values for each species across the study area. Raster Grid Cell 25453 15850 1 State Plane Coordinate System 1983 2900 0.9999 -74.5 38.8333333333 492125.0 0.0 row and column 30.9259222883 30.9259222883 meters D_North_American_1983 GRS_1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 Attribute Table Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Producer defined VALUE habitat suitability score (values for all 6 species summed in Marsh6 file creating a combined suitability range from 1-18) Producer defined 0 not suitable Producer defined 1 low suitability Producer defined 2 medium suitability Producer defined 3 high suitability Producer defined COUNT pixel count from raster for each associated VALUE Producer defined 147502 382890119 The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the data set. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the data set. Additional files associated with this data release are: AMBI_HSI.tif - American Bittern habitat suitability BCNH_HSI.tif - Black-crowned Night Heron habitat suitability GLIB_HSI.tif - Glossy Ibis habitat suitability GREG_HSI.tif - Great Egret habitat suitability SNEG_HSI.tif - Snowy Egret habitat suitability YCNH_HSI.tif - Yellow-crowned Night Heron habitat suitability Marsh6_HSI.tif - All species combined The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data set. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Mailing and Physical

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Denver CO 80225 USA 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Distributor assumes no liability for misuse of data. Digital Data http://doi.org/10.5066/F77M063T None 20200830 Matt Cannister U.S. Geological Survey Mailing and Physical

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Gainesville Florida 32653 United States of America 352-264-3572 mcannister@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999