Jonathan Saul Caine
Scott A. Minor
V. J. S. Grauch
James R. Budahn
Tucker T. Keren
Michaela R. Johnson
20161230
Data for a Comprehensive Survey of Fault Zones, Breccias, and Fractures in and Flanking the Eastern Española Basin, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico
shapefile and tabular digital data
Denver, CO
U.S. Geological Survey
http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7222RXW
This release provides the data for a comprehensive survey of geologic structures in the eastern Española Basin of the Rio Grande rift, New Mexico. The release includes data and analyses from 53 individual fault zones and 22 other brittle structures, such as breccia zones, joints, and veins, investigated at a total of just over 100 sites. Structures were examined and compared from poorly lithified Tertiary sediments, as well as Paleozoic sedimentary and Proterozoic crystalline rocks. Data and analyses, include geologic maps; field observations and measurements; orientation, kinematic paleostress analyses and modeling; statistical examination of 575 fault trace lengths derived from aeromagnetic data in the Española and adjacent basins; mineralogy and chemistry of host and fault rocks; and investigation of fault versus bolide impact hypotheses for the origin of enigmatic breccias found in the Proterozoic basement rocks. Kinematic and paleostress analyses suggest a record of transitional, and perhaps partitioned, strains from the Laramide orogeny through Rio Grande rifting. Normal faults within Tertiary basin fill sediments are consistent with more typical WNW-ESE Rio Grande extension, perhaps decoupled from bedrock structures due to strength contrasts favoring the formation of new faults in the relatively weak sediments. Analyses of the fault length data indicate power law length distributions similar to those reported from many geologic settings globally. Mineralogy and chemistry in Proterozoic fault-related rocks reveal geochemical changes tied to hydrothermal alteration and nearly isochemical transformation of feldspars to clay minerals. In sediments, fault rocks are characterized by mechanical entrainment with minor secondary chemical changes. Enigmatic breccias are autoclastic, isochemical with respect to their protoliths, and occur near shatter cones believed to be related to a pre-Pennsylvanian impact event. A weak iridium anomaly is associated with the breccias as well as adjacent protoliths, thus an impact shock wave cannot be ruled out for their origin. The types of faults, associated brittle structures, and geochemical attributes provided here can aid in development of conceptual models and approaches useful in identifying testable hypotheses grounded in geological data when assessing ground- and surface-water resources.
The purpose of this release is to disseminate the data measured and analyzed during this survey. The results provide a broad picture of structural diversity and tectonic evolution along the eastern flank of the central Rio Grande rift and the adjacent Española basin. The results also are representative of many upper crustal faults and associated brittle deformation processes. Such processes commonly associated with a large variety of such structures suggest several conceptual elements and approaches useful in developing testable hypotheses when assessing ground- and surface water resources.
Caine, J. S., Evans, J. P., and Forster, C. B., 1996, Fault Zone Architecture and Permeability Structure: Geology, v. 24, pp. 1025-1028.
GERM (Geochemical Earth Reference Model), 2014, Accessed March 20, http://earthref.org/GERM/
Morgan, J.W., Higuchi, H., Ganapathy, R., and Anders, E., 1975, Meteoritic material in four terrestrial meteorite craters: v. 6, p. 1609–1623.
Tagle, R., and Hecht, L., 2006, Geochemical identification of projectiles in impact rocks: Meteoritics and Planetary Science, v. 41, p. 1721–1735.
Tagle, R., and Berlin, J., 2008, A database of chondrite analyses including platinum group elements, Ni, Co, Au, and Cr: Implications for the identification of chondritic projectiles: Meteoritics and Planetary Science, v. 43, p. 541–559.
20031106
20060618
ground condition
Not planned
-107.172451286
-105.856454456
36.100944487
34.426013078
none
fault kinematics
fault structure
fault length
fault geochemistry
fault rocks
breccias
impactites
Rio Grande rift
Laramide orogeny
Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center
CGGSC
Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
GECSC
Geological Survey National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program
NCGMP
Mineral Resources Program
MRP
ISO 19115 Topic Categories
geoscientificInformation
USGS Thesaurus
Geology
Structural geology
Mineralogy
X-ray diffraction
Tectonic processes
Geologic structure
Deformation (geologic)
Faulting (geologic)
Fracture (geologic)
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:581130c5e4b0f497e799591b
Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
New Mexico
Santa Fe
Santa Fe County
none
There is no guarantee concerning the accuracy of the data. Any user who modifies the data is obligated to describe the types of modifications they perform. Data have been checked to ensure the accuracy. If any errors are detected, please notify the originating office. The U.S. Geological Survey strongly recommends that careful attention be paid to the metadata file associated with these data. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data. User specifically agrees not to misrepresent the data, nor to imply that changes made were approved or endorsed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Please refer to http://www.usgs.gov/privacy.html for the USGS disclaimer.
Jonathan Saul Caine
U.S. Geological Survey
mailing and physical
MS 964 Box 25046, Denver Federal Center
Denver
CO
80225
USA
303-236-1111
jscaine@usgs.gov
This release of the dataset was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP) and Mineral Resources Program (MRP).
Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft [Unknown] Version 6.2 (Build 9200) ; Esri ArcGIS 10.4.1 (Build 5686) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A)
No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted
No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted
Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted
No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted
Grauch, V.J.S. and Hudson, M.R.
2007
Guides to understanding the aeromagnetic expression of faults in sedimentary basins: Lessons learned from the central Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico
shapefile
Boulder, CO
Geological Society of America
http://geosphere.gsapubs.org/content/3/6/596/suppl/DC1
Journal article
20071201
20071231
Publication_date
Grauch and Hudson, 2007
Magnetic lineaments as a proxy for fault lengths
Minor, S.A., Hudson, M.R., Caine, J.S., and Thompson, R.A.
2013
Oblique transfer of extensional strain between basins of the middle Rio Grande rift, New Mexico: Fault kinematic and paleostress constraints
Article
Denver, CO
U.S. Geological Survey
http://rock.geosociety.org/datarepository/2013/2013200.pdf
Geological Society of America Special Paper 494
20130101
20131231
Publication_date
Minor and others, 2013
Fault orientation and fault kinematic data
FIELD DATA COLLECTION - Rock and sediment samples were collected from November 2003 through June 2006. Additionally, field measurements and detailed characteristics were compiled and summarized here.
The field results were analyzed using a number of techniques. Characteristics of faults, fault properties, breccias, and host rocks were described in detail from outcrop to hand sample to thin section scales.
20060630
ANALYSES OF FAULTS AND BRITTLE STRUCTURES - Fault orientations were plotted on equal area projections to inspect for trends related to different orogenic events and geologic processes. Fault slip data were organized by type using strain and stress models. Model results were used to interpret tectonic origins of fault groups. Fault length data were derived from high-resolution aeromagnetic lineament data. These data were statistically analyzed for the frequency distributions on basin-wide scales and determined to be power law, log-normal or other. The results of fault length analyses were compared with other rifts and similar data from global datasets.
20140101
MINERALOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY - Representative samples from all faults, breccias, and host rocks were analyzed using x-ray diffraction mineralogy and inductively-coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Results were statistically analyzed to interpret differences between host rocks (and sediments), fault rocks, and breccias. Results were also used to test previous hypotheses regarding a bolide impact origin for the breccias using INAA data for iridium, chromium, and nickel.
20070101
INTEGRATION OF RESULTS - The detailed methods of data collection and analyses as well as interpretations will be discussed and provided in Caine and others, in review.
20161128
Vector
String
632
Universal Transverse Mercator
13
0.9996
-105.0
0.0
500000.0
0.0
coordinate pair
0.6096
0.6096
Meter
D_North_American_1927
Clarke_1866
6378206.4
294.9786982
Faults_Española_SantoDomingo_Albuquerque_Basins.shp
Shapefile of faults (Grauch and Hudson, 2007) with additional attributes added. This shapefile contains the content included in supplemental table 2 in the journal publication associated with this data release.
U.S. Geological Survey
BasinNm
Name of basin where fault is located.
U.S. Geological Survey
Albuquerque
Albuquerque basin
U.S. Geological Survey
Española
Española basin
U.S. Geological Survey
Pre-Española
Pre-Española
U.S. Geological Survey
Santo Domingo
Santo Domingo
U.S. Geological Survey
unknown
unknown
U.S. Geological Survey
Censored
Describes whether the fault is censored (y) or not (n)
U.S. Geological Survey
n
No
U.S. Geological Survey
y
Yes
U.S. Geological Survey
Used
Describes whether the fault was used (y) or not (n).
U.S. Geological Survey
n
No
U.S. Geological Survey
y
Yes
U.S. Geological Survey
Length_m
Length of each fault, in meters.
U.S. Geological Survey
536.278568
35369.172278
meters
Table1AbqToEspañolaAeroMagFaultLengths.csv
Summary and analytical statistics for magnetic fault lineament length
distributions in basins of the central Rio Grande rift
U.S. Geological Survey
BasinNm
Basin name
U.S. Geological Survey
All (censored removed)
Analyses conducted on all faults; censored faults excluded.
U.S. Geological Survey
Albuquerque
Analyses conducted on Albuquerque basin faults; censored faults excluded.
U.S. Geological Survey
Santo Domingo
Analyses conducted on Santo Domingo basin faults; censored faults excluded.
U.S. Geological Survey
Española
Analyses conducted on Española basin faults; censored faults excluded.
U.S. Geological Survey
Areakm2
Survey area (square km)
U.S. Geological Survey
1102
6984
square kilometers
NumFaults
Number of faults
U.S. Geological Survey
96
575
unitless
FaultsKM2
Number of faults per unit area (1/square km)
U.S. Geological Survey
0.07
0.11
faults/square kilometer
MnLength
Mean length of faults
U.S. Geological Survey
3.4
4.6
kilometer
MdLength
Median length of faults
U.S. Geological Survey
2.7
3.6
kilometer
MaxLgth
Maximum length of faults
U.S. Geological Survey
12.5
35.4
kilometer
MinLgth
Minimum length of faults
U.S. Geological Survey
0.54
0.82
kilometer
PctPwrLaw
Percent data with power law fit
U.S. Geological Survey
13.9
100
percent
R2
Regression coefficient (R squared)
U.S. Geological Survey
0.84
0.99
unitless
ExpC
Exponent C
U.S. Geological Survey
0.881
2.598
unitless
Comment
Note indicating portion of data analyzed. Portion of data analyzed in field is indicated in PctPwrLaw.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
KS_pval
KS Test p-value
U.S. Geological Survey
0.04
0.81
unitless
PlawvExp
Likelihood ratio (R) (Plaw vs. Exp)
U.S. Geological Survey
-1.02
2.33
unitless
PlawvLnorm
Likelihood ratio (R) (Plaw vs. Lnorm)
U.S. Geological Survey
-1.87
1.05
unitless
FavDist
Favored distribution, see manuscript.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Table2StructureStrainStressModelResults.csv
Española basin and east rift flank stress and strain model results
U.S. Geological Survey
FaultType
Refers to the sense of motion demarcated by the offset of markers such
as piercing points or piercing lines or fault decorations (shear sense
indicators) along slip vectors (striae). Fault types include reverse,
strike-slip, and normal.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
FaultHost
Faults in well indurated rock versus poorly lithified sediments.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
ModelType
Strain models versus stress model (see manuscript).
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
PlotNumModType
Indicates the figure number in the manuscript and model type of fit used for organizing model results for kinematic
evaluation (see manuscript).
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
n_n0
Number of data used in each model versus the total number of data for
that fault type.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
PSS_MisfitPSS
Number of principal slip surfaces and the number of misfit principal
slip surfaces (see manuscript).
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
MSS_MisfitMSS
Number of minor slip surfaces and the number of misfit minor slip
surfaces (see manuscript).
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
P
Contractional axis (plunge/trend); -9999 indicates null value.
U.S. Geological Survey
degrees
T
Extensional axis (plunge/trend); -9999 indicates null value.
U.S. Geological Survey
degrees
σ1
σ1, Maximum principal stress axis (plunge/trend); -9999 indicates null value.
U.S. Geological Survey
degrees
σ3
σ3, Minimum principal stress axis (plunge/trend); -9999 indicates null value.
U.S. Geological Survey
degrees
phi
φ, Stress ratio; -9999 indicates null value.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
0.86
lambda
ɣ, Mean misfit fault angle; -9999 indicates null value.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
19.8
degrees
theta
θ, Mean fault angle with model maximum shear stress direction; -9999 indicates null value.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
44.7
degrees
TableSupplemental1_EspañolaBasinStructureRAWData.csv
Española basin and east rift flank site locations, structural data,
samples, and field notes
U.S. Geological Survey
LocationName
Name given for the physical location where data and samples were
collected
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Station
Number of the station where data and samples were collected that
includes the date, the sequential number of the site visit on that date
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
MapLetterKey
Shows the location of the site in page sized figures in manuscript.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
UTMmE
UTM meters East, NAD27 (Garmin GPS coordinate)
U.S. Geological Survey
meters
UTMmN
UTM meters North, NAD27 (Garmin GPS coordinate)
U.S. Geological Survey
meters
AccFt
PDOP from Garmin GPS, + or -, in feet
U.S. Geological Survey
feet
Strike
Orientation of a plane in space uniquely defined by its intersection
with a horizontal plane and reported as an azimuthal direction
U.S. Geological Survey
0
360
degrees
Dip
Inclination of a plane from horizontal
U.S. Geological Survey
0
90
degrees
Feature
Structural geologic element measured. Can include principal slip
surfaces (PSS) along a fault (FLT), minor slip surfaces (MSS) along a
fault, general slip surfaces (SS) along a fault, foliations (FOL),
lineations (LIN), bedding (BDD), joints (JNT), veins (VEIN), cleavage
(CLVG), breccia (BXA), deformation bands (DB)
U.S. Geological Survey
pss
principal slip surfaces
U.S. Geological Survey
flt
fault
U.S. Geological Survey
mss
minor slip surfaces
U.S. Geological Survey
ss
general slip surfaces
U.S. Geological Survey
fol
foliation
U.S. Geological Survey
lin
lineation
U.S. Geological Survey
bdd
bedding
U.S. Geological Survey
jnt
joint
U.S. Geological Survey
vein
vein
U.S. Geological Survey
clvg
cleavage
U.S. Geological Survey
bxa
breccia
U.S. Geological Survey
db
deformation band
U.S. Geological Survey
cnt
contact
U.S. Geological Survey
mesoflt
mesoscopic fault
U.S. Geological Survey
cal vein
calcite vein
U.S. Geological Survey
peg
pegmatite
U.S. Geological Survey
Areakm2
Survey area (square km)
U.S. Geological Survey
1102
6984
square kilometers
NumFaults
Number of faults
U.S. Geological Survey
96
575
unitless
SLine1R
Slickenline 1. The angle of a lineation, such as fault striae, from a
horizontal line contained within a plane
U.S. Geological Survey
0
202
degrees
SLine1Dir
The cardinal direction from which rake is measured relative to the
horizontal strike from which it is measured
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
SSense1
Shear sense 1. The direction of displacement along a fault. Slip sense of slickenline set: single-letter assignments indicate pure dip-slip (N = normal, R = reverse) or strike-slip (D = dextral, S = sinistral) movement; double-letter assignments (ND, DN, RD, DR, NS, SN, RS, SR) indicate primary (first letter) and secondary (second letter) components of oblique-slip.
U.S. Geological Survey
D
dextral
U.S. Geological Survey
DR
dextral reverse
U.S. Geological Survey
N
normal
U.S. Geological Survey
ND
normal dextral
U.S. Geological Survey
NS
normal sinistral
U.S. Geological Survey
R
reverse
U.S. Geological Survey
RD
reverse dextral
U.S. Geological Survey
RS
reverse sinistral
U.S. Geological Survey
S
sinistral
U.S. Geological Survey
SD
sinistral dextral
U.S. Geological Survey
SN
sinistral normal
U.S. Geological Survey
Qual1
A relative measure of the accuracy of shear sense determinations.
U.S. Geological Survey
A
certain
U.S. Geological Survey
B
likely
U.S. Geological Survey
C
uncertain
U.S. Geological Survey
SLine2R
Slickenline 2. The angle of a second lineation, such as fault striae,
from a horizontal line contained within a plane that possibly overprints
a first lineation
U.S. Geological Survey
0
193
degrees
SLine2Dir
The cardinal direction from which rake is measured relative to the
horizontal strike from which it is measured
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
SSense2
Shear sense 2. The direction of displacement along a fault. Slip sense of slickenline set: single-letter assignments indicate pure dip-slip (N = normal, R = reverse) or strike-slip (D = dextral, S = sinistral) movement; double-letter assignments (ND, DN, RD, DR, NS, SN, RS, SR) indicate primary (first letter) and secondary (second letter) components of oblique-slip.
U.S. Geological Survey
D
dextral
U.S. Geological Survey
DR
dextral reverse
U.S. Geological Survey
N
normal
U.S. Geological Survey
ND
normal dextral
U.S. Geological Survey
NS
normal sinistral
U.S. Geological Survey
R
reverse
U.S. Geological Survey
RD
reverse dextral
U.S. Geological Survey
RS
reverse sinistral
U.S. Geological Survey
S
sinistral
U.S. Geological Survey
SD
sinistral dextral
U.S. Geological Survey
SN
sinistral normal
U.S. Geological Survey
Qual2
A relative measure of the accuracy of shear sense determinations.
U.S. Geological Survey
A
certain
U.S. Geological Survey
B
likely
U.S. Geological Survey
C
uncertain
U.S. Geological Survey
SLine3R
Slickenline 3. The angle of a third lineation, such as fault striae,
from a horizontal line contained within a plane that possibly overprints
a first and (or) second lineation
U.S. Geological Survey
40
334
degrees
SLine3Dir
The cardinal direction from which rake is measured relative to the
horizontal strike from which it is measured
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
SSense3
Shear sense 3. The direction of displacement along a fault
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Qual3
A relative measure of the accuracy of shear sense determinations.
U.S. Geological Survey
A
certain
U.S. Geological Survey
B
likely
U.S. Geological Survey
C
uncertain
U.S. Geological Survey
Arch
Architecture. Brittle fault zones have distinct components of internal
structure that includes a core, damage zone (DZ), entrained zone (EZ),
and protolith (PL). Not all of these structures or components are
present in a fault zone. See Caine and others, 1996. Additional descriptive elements are listed below.
U.S. Geological Survey
hw
hanging wall
U.S. Geological Survey
fw
footwall
U.S. Geological Survey
dz
damage zone
U.S. Geological Survey
cnt
contact
U.S. Geological Survey
pl
protolith
U.S. Geological Survey
ez
entrained zone
U.S. Geological Survey
core
where most of the strain in a fault is accomodated and can include discrete zones of fault gouge
U.S. Geological Survey
Lith
Rock type classified during field work. Abbreviations are described in attribute, Feature.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition. Abbreviations are described in attribute, Feature.
Protolith
Fault zone component where fault related deformation is absent. Also
known as host rock. See Caine and others, 1996. For Española
protoliths have been lumped in this table as basement rocks = baserx,
Tertiary rocks = Trx, basin fill sediments = bfs, basaltic rocks = barx
U.S. Geological Survey
baserx
basement rocks
U.S. Geological Survey
barx
basaltic rocks
U.S. Geological Survey
bfs
basin fill sediments
U.S. Geological Survey
Trx
Tertiary rocks
U.S. Geological Survey
DipSepM
Dip separation in meters. The amount of apparent physical offset of
piercing points or lines across a fault
U.S. Geological Survey
0.01
83
meters
hwWdz
The width of the hanging wall damage zone
U.S. Geological Survey
0
15
meters
hwWez
The width of the hanging wall entrained zone
U.S. Geological Survey
0
8.9
meters
Wc
The width of the fault core
U.S. Geological Survey
0.002
8.4
meters
fwWez
The width of the footwall damage zone
U.S. Geological Survey
0
1.7
meters
fwWdz
The width of the footwall entrained zone
U.S. Geological Survey
0
24
meters
WT
Total width of the fault zone that includes the summed widths of all
fault zone components present in the hanging wall and footwall
U.S. Geological Survey
0
36.85
meters
hwFracG
Shape, style, types of fractures and joints in the hanging wall
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
fwFracG
Shape, style, types of fractures and joints in the footwall
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Core
The fault rock type and (or) composition of the fault core at the
specified locality
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Cement
Location of rock forming, mineral cements usually precipitated within
intergranular pore space of a rock
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
CemMin
Mineral that has precipitated in cemented rock
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
FaultSHP
The geometry of the exposed portion of a fault
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
hwU
Known geological unit(s) exposed in the hanging wall of a fault
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
fwU
Known geological unit(s) exposed in the footwall of a fault
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
hwLith
Rock or sediment types found in the hanging wall of a fault and
classified during field work
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
fwLith
Rock or sediment types found in the footwall of a fault and classified
during field work
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
XCutRel
Relative timing of fractures, faults, intrusions, and other geological
elements, bodies, entities that cut or superimpose one another.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
JntInt
Number of joints or fractures measured along a line
U.S. Geological Survey
0.1
16
1/meters
JntLength
The length of an exposed joint or fracture measured where it intersects
an outcrop face
U.S. Geological Survey
0.25
10
meters
Collector
Geologist(s) who collected the data shown
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Comments
Descriptions, various notes, observations, explanations about site, data
collection, samples, etc.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
TableSupplemental3_EspanolaXRDData.csv
Española basin and east rift flank x-ray diffraction data
U.S. Geological Survey
Station
Number of the station where data and samples were collected that
includes the date (mm-dd-yy), the sequential number of the site visit on
that date
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Sample
Sample number, for each sample in the format of a date (mm-dd-yy), the
sequential number of the site visit on that date, and the sequential
letter of the alphabet in which he sample was collected at the specified
location. The record relates the location of the sample with the
structural, geochemical, and X-ray diffraction results.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
LocDesc
Geological, geographical, and other physical characteristics of the
location where data and samples were collected
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Age
Major geologic eon or period in which the host rocks analyzed were
formed
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
StationDesc
Brief description of the location where the sample analyzed was
collected
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
ArchCode
Brittle fault zones have distinct components of internal structure that
includes a core, damage zone (dz), entrained zone (ez), and protolith (pl). Not all of these structures or components are present in a fault zone. See Caine and others, 1996. The components are used individually or combined for composite descriptors.
U.S. Geological Survey
hw
hanging wall
U.S. Geological Survey
fw
footwall
U.S. Geological Survey
dz
damage zone
U.S. Geological Survey
crg
clay-rich gouge
U.S. Geological Survey
pl
protolith
U.S. Geological Survey
ez
entrained zone
U.S. Geological Survey
core
where most of the strain in a fault is accomodated and can include discrete zones of fault gouge
U.S. Geological Survey
SmpArchCode
Simplified architecture noted; fr, dz, pl, bxa.
U.S. Geological Survey
pl
protolith
U.S. Geological Survey
fr
fault rock
U.S. Geological Survey
dz
damage zone
U.S. Geological Survey
bxa
breccia
U.S. Geological Survey
Cement
Whether or not mineral cements precipitated within intergranular pore
space of the sample.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
CementType
Mineral that has precipitated in cemented rock.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Quartz
Sample concentration of quartz group minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0.6
95.5
percent
K_feldspar
Sample concentration of potassium-feldspar group minerals identified by
X-ray diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
36.4
percent
Plagioclase
Sample concentration of plagioclase feldspar group minerals identified
by X-ray diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
45
percent
Carbonate
Sample concentration of carbonate group minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
81.2
percent
Ferromagnesian
Sample concentration of ferromagnesian group minerals identified by
X-ray diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
22.5
percent
SUM_non_clay
Sum of the sample concentrations of all non-clay minerals identified by
X-ray diffraction analyses
U.S. Geological Survey
19.1
99
percent
2M1_mica
Sample concentration of 2M1 mica group minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
11.9
percent
Illite
Sample concentration of illite group minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
39.4
percent
Smectite
Sample concentration of smectite group minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
40.5
percent
Kaolin
Sample concentration of kaolin group minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
52.6
percent
Chlorite
Sample concentration of chlorite group minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
23.5
percent
SUM_clay
Sum of the sample concentrations of all clay minerals identified by
X-ray diffraction analyses
U.S. Geological Survey
1
80.9
percent
Gypsum
Sample concentration of gypsum group minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
0
percent
Barite
Sample concentration of barium group minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
9.7
percent
Apatite
Sample concentration of apatite minerals identified by X-ray diffraction
analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
4.3
percent
Fluorite
Sample concentration of fluorite minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
37.6
percent
Clinoptilite
Sample concentration of clinoptilite minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
2.1
percent
Opal
Sample concentration of opal minerals identified by X-ray diffraction
analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
53.1
percent
Cristobalite
Sample concentration of cristabolite minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
0.7
percent
Gibbsite
Sample concentration of gibbsite group minerals identified by X-ray
diffraction analyses.
U.S. Geological Survey
0
0
percent
SUM
Total of the concentration of mineral groups for each sample. The
variability in the total is permissible and a result of typical error in
the semi-quantitative mineral values.
U.S. Geological Survey
98.8
107.1
percent
TableSupplemental4_EspanolaGeoChemData.csv
Española basin and east rift flank elemental chemical data
U.S. Geological Survey
Station
Number of the station where data and samples were collected that
includes the date (mm-dd-yy), the sequential number of the site visit on
that date
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Sample
Sample number, for each sample in the format of a date (mm-dd-yy), the
sequential number of the site visit on that date, and the sequential
letter of the alphabet in which he sample was collected at the specified
location. The record relates the location of the sample with the
structural, geochemical, and X-ray diffraction results.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
mE_NAD27
Meters East, NAD27 (Garmin GPS coordinate)
U.S. Geological Survey
396177
478963
meters
mN_NAD27
Meters North, NAD27 (Garmin GPS coordinate)
U.S. Geological Survey
3924802
3997734
meters
LocDesc
Geological, geographical, and other physical characteristics of the
location where data and samples were collected
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
StationDesc
Brief description of the location where the sample analyzed was
collected
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Age
Major geologic eon or period in which the host rocks analyzed were
formed
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Arch
Fault zones have distinct components of internal structure that
includes a core, damage zone, and protolith. Other features included are entrained zone, fault rocks, calcite veins, and breccias. Not all of these structures or components are present in a fault zone. See Caine and others, 1996.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Arch2
Core, DZ, EZ, PL and generalized fault structure as noted for
Architecture.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Lithology
Rock type classified during field work
U.S. Geological Survey
amphib bxa
amphibolite breccia
U.S. Geological Survey
basite
basite
U.S. Geological Survey
black clay
black clay
U.S. Geological Survey
brown clay
brown clay
U.S. Geological Survey
bxa
breccia
U.S. Geological Survey
clay
clay
U.S. Geological Survey
cong
conglomerate
U.S. Geological Survey
felsite
felsite
U.S. Geological Survey
gns bxa
gneissic breccia
U.S. Geological Survey
gouge
gouge
U.S. Geological Survey
gravel
gravel
U.S. Geological Survey
gray green clay
gray green clay
U.S. Geological Survey
green clay
green clay
U.S. Geological Survey
lst
limestone
U.S. Geological Survey
peg bxa
pegmatite breccia
U.S. Geological Survey
red brown clay
red brown clay
U.S. Geological Survey
red clay
red clay
U.S. Geological Survey
sand
sand
U.S. Geological Survey
schist
schist
U.S. Geological Survey
sh
shale
U.S. Geological Survey
silicious slip surface
silicious slip surface
U.S. Geological Survey
silt
silt
U.S. Geological Survey
ss
slip surface
U.S. Geological Survey
sst
sandstone
U.S. Geological Survey
vein
vein
U.S. Geological Survey
vol
volcanic
U.S. Geological Survey
Cement
Whether or not mineral cements precipitated within intergranular pore
space of the sample.
U.S. Geological Survey
c
cemented
U.S. Geological Survey
uc
uncemented
U.S. Geological Survey
CementType
Mineral that has precipitated in cemented rock.
U.S. Geological Survey
blk stain
black stain
U.S. Geological Survey
cal
calcite
U.S. Geological Survey
cal cmnt
calcite cement
U.S. Geological Survey
cal flt vein
calcite fault vein
U.S. Geological Survey
cal vein
calcite vein
U.S. Geological Survey
chlor
chlorite
U.S. Geological Survey
epi
epidote
U.S. Geological Survey
fe ox
iron oxide
U.S. Geological Survey
fe oxide stain
iron oxide stain
U.S. Geological Survey
gym
gypsum
U.S. Geological Survey
hem vein
hematite vein
U.S. Geological Survey
qtz cal hem
quartz calcite hematite
U.S. Geological Survey
qtz cmnt
quartz cement
U.S. Geological Survey
Analysis
Type of geochemical analysis used.
U.S. Geological Survey
55
Indicates 55-element concentrations determined from inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) together known as ICP-MS-AES.
U.S. Geological Survey
42
Indicates 42-element concentrations determined from ICP-MS-AES.
U.S. Geological Survey
Al_ppm
Sample concentration of aluminum (Al) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
1200
144000
ppm
Fe_ppm
Sample concentration of iron (Fe) in parts per million. Values ending in
""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper limit
of determination for the analytical method. Negative values indicate
concentrations less than the detection limit (lower determination limit)
of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is
the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
400
371000
ppm
Ca_ppm
Sample concentration of calcium (Ca) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
100
374000
ppm
K_ppm
Sample concentration of potassium (K) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
200
65500
ppm
Mg_ppm
Sample concentration of magnesium (Mg) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
100
68700
ppm
Ti_ppm
Sample concentration of titanium (Ti) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
100
9200
ppm
P_ppm
Sample concentration of phosphorus (P) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-100
8500
ppm
Mn_ppm
Sample concentration of manganese (Mn) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
18
29134
ppm
Ba_ppm
Sample concentration of barium (Ba) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
17.1
10000
ppm
Sr_ppm
Sample concentration of strontium (Sr) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
7.8
1610
ppm
Zr_ppm
Sample concentration of zirconium (Zr) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
888
ppm
V_ppm
Sample concentration of vanadium (V) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
5
432
ppm
Cr_ppm
Sample concentration of chromium (Cr) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-10
300
ppm
Rb_ppm
Sample concentration of rubidium (Rb) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
1.3
414
ppm
Zn_ppm
Sample concentration of zinc (Zn) in parts per million. Values ending in
""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper limit
of determination for the analytical method. Negative values indicate
concentrations less than the detection limit (lower determination limit)
of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is
the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
4
172
ppm
Ni_ppm
Sample concentration of nickel (Ni) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
1.4
167
ppm
Cu_ppm
Sample concentration of copper (Cu) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-5
129
ppm
Li_ppm
Sample concentration of lithium (Li) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
2
300
ppm
Co_ppm
Sample concentration of cobalt (Co) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-0.5
197
ppm
Pb_ppm
Sample concentration of lead (Pb) in parts per million. Values ending in
""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper limit
of determination for the analytical method. Negative values indicate
concentrations less than the detection limit (lower determination limit)
of the analytical method. The absolute value of the negative number is
the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
2.2
561
ppm
Th_ppm
Sample concentration of thorium (Th) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-0.2
31.9
ppm
Cs_ppm
Sample concentration of cesium (Cs) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
0.05
722
ppm
U_ppm
Sample concentration of uranium (U) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
0.22
168
ppm
W_ppm
Sample concentration of tungsten (W) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
0.1
419
ppm
La_ppm
Sample concentration of lanthanum (La) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
0.1
130
ppm
Ce_ppm
Sample concentration of cerium (Ce) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
0.1
299
ppm
Pr_ppm
Sample concentration of praseodymium (Pr) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
37.6
ppm
Nd_ppm
Sample concentration of neodymium (Nd) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
184
ppm
Sm_ppm
Sample concentration of samarium (Sm) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
29.3
ppm
Eu_ppm
Sample concentration of europium (Eu) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
6.29
ppm
Gd_ppm
Sample concentration of gadolinium (Gd) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
34.2
ppm
Tb_ppm
Sample concentration of terbium (Tb) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
4.94
ppm
Dy_ppm
Sample concentration of dysprosium (Dy) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
25.2
ppm
Ho_ppm
Sample concentration of holmium (Ho) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
4.17
ppm
Er_ppm
Sample concentration of erbium (Er) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
12.5
ppm
Tm_ppm
Sample concentration of thulium (Tm) in parts per million. Values ending
in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the upper
limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
1.88
ppm
Yb_ppm
Sample concentration of ytterbium (Yb) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
12.7
ppm
Lu_ppm
Sample concentration of lutetium (Lu) in parts per million. Values
ending in ""111"" indicate that the concentration is greater than the
upper limit of determination for the analytical method. Negative values
indicate concentrations less than the detection limit (lower
determination limit) of the analytical method. The absolute value of the
negative number is the detection limit. A null (-9999) means not
analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
1.83
ppm
TableSupplemental5_EspanolaIrCrCoNiIrData.csv
Española basin and east rift flank INAA and other Cr, Ni, and Ir
elemental chemistry data
U.S. Geological Survey
Station
Number of the station where data and samples were collected that
includes the date (mm-dd-yy), the sequential number of the site visit on
that date
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Sample
Sample number, for each sample in the format of a date (mm-dd-yy), the
sequential number of the site visit on that date, and the sequential
letter of the alphabet in which he sample was collected at the specified
location. The record relates the location of the sample with the
structural, geochemical, and X-ray diffraction results. DUP =
duplicate.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
SampleType
Detailed rock type, structure, or architectural feature of sample.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
SampleDesc
Indicates detailed subsampling from SampleType.
U.S. Geological Survey
c+m
clast and matrix
U.S. Geological Survey
c
clast
U.S. Geological Survey
m
matrix
U.S. Geological Survey
ss
slip surface
U.S. Geological Survey
pl
protolith
U.S. Geological Survey
oxidized glass on shocked sandstone
oxidized glass on shocked sandstone
U.S. Geological Survey
Iight brown mixed vesicular fused glass
Iight brown mixed vesicular fused glass
U.S. Geological Survey
medium gray vesicular impactite
medium gray vesicular impactite
U.S. Geological Survey
dark impactite with Ni-Fe spheroids
dark impactite with Ni-Fe spheroids
U.S. Geological Survey
impactite
impactite
U.S. Geological Survey
glass coating
glass coating
U.S. Geological Survey
iron
iron
U.S. Geological Survey
Powder 25 (standard)
Powder 25 (standard)
U.S. Geological Survey
Source
Indicates source and location from which samples were obtained.
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Reference
References to journal articles that provide additional data used in the
analyses of Cr, Ni, and Ir concentrations
U.S. Geological Survey
Field content described in attribute definition.
Cr_ppm
Sample concentration of chromium (Cr) in parts per million determined
from instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Chromium
concentration in parts per million. Values ending in ""111"" indicate
that the concentration is greater than the upper limit of determination
for the analytical method. Negative values indicate concentrations less
than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical
method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection
limit. A null (-9999) means not analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
3809.684
ppm
Ni_ppm
Sample concentration of nickel (Ni) in parts per million determined from
instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Chromium concentration
in parts per million. Values ending in ""111"" indicate that the
concentration is greater than the upper limit of determination for the
analytical method. Negative values indicate concentrations less than the
detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical method.
The absolute value of the negative number is the detection limit. A null
(-9999) means not analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
-9999
66400
ppm
Ir_ppb
Sample concentration of iridium (Ir) in parts per billion determined
from instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Chromium
concentration in parts per million. Values ending in ""111"" indicate
that the concentration is greater than the upper limit of determination
for the analytical method. Negative values indicate concentrations less
than the detection limit (lower determination limit) of the analytical
method. The absolute value of the negative number is the detection
limit. A null (-9999) means not analyzed.
U.S. Geological Survey
0.02
8370
ppb
The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the data set. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the data set.
The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data set. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information.
U.S. Geological Survey – ScienceBase
U.S. Geological Survey – ScienceBase
mailing and physical
Building 810, Mail Stop 302, Denver Federal Center
Denver
CO
80225
USA
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