J. R. Olson C. P. Hawkins 20140723 Raster Digital Data Set http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7X0653P This raster depicts the percentage of lithological sodium oxide (Na2O) content in surface or near surface geology. We derived these rasters by calculating the average percent Na2O content for each map unit in combined surficial-bedrock geologic maps. We used state geologic maps (Preliminary Integrated Geologic Map Databases for the United States, Open File Reports 2004-1355, 2005-1305, 2005-1323, 2005-1324, 2005-1325, 2005-1351, and 2006-1272), which depict surficial geology instead of bedrock when the surficial layers are sufficiently deep. For the state maps that do not incorporate surficial geology (i.e., midwestern states), we overlaid surficial geologic map units with thicknesses greater than 100 feet (from Soller and Reheis [2004]) to produce combined surficial-bedrock geologic maps that were similar to other states. We characterized geology based on the 201 different lithologies that the Geologic Map Database lists as occurring in the conterminous United States. Because some of these lithologies are known to have chemical attributes that vary widely, we created an additional 78 lithologic classes based on the common modifiers used in the geologic unit descriptions to better parse chemical variability within the lithologies (e.g., calcareous and noncalcareous sandstone). Modifiers were assigned base on descriptions of geologic formations obtained through either the Lexicon of Geologic Names of the United States or literature searches. Fifteen lithologic classes were not characterized because the class was not a specific rock type (e.g., mélange, water, and landslide). These classes were characterized as no data. We translated each state’s combined surficial-bedrock geologic maps into characteristics following the methods in Olson and Hawkins (2012) by assigning an estimate of each map unit’s percent Na2O content to every occurrence of that map unit in the combined surficial-bedrock geologic map. This estimate was calculated as the average of literature or database values of the respective property for each lithological class contained within the map unit weighted by the prevalence of each lithological class within the map unit. The accompanying Excel workbook (Lith-MajorOxides.xls) contains a summary of all of the average geochemical characteristics for each lithology (“Lith Summary” tab) and tabs for each individual lithology that include the source of each record (e.g., originating from the Earth Chem Database or the specific literature reference), as well as the calculations used to determine the measure of central tendency (mean or median depending on the data). The final national raster was created by merging each of the individual state rasters. Users should be cognizant that some differences will exist in chemical and physical characterizations across state lines that are caused by unreconciled differences in lithologic descriptions or mapping scales used among the underlying state source maps. These rasters were created to quantify the influence of geology on surface and critical zone processes like stream water chemistry, soil formation, ecologic processes, and species distributions by providing estimates of spatial variability in current geochemical and geophysical conditions occurring at or near the surface. 20140723 publication date Complete None planned -129.567807626 -64.981807426 50.7850356 22.397057588 None Na2O Sodium Bedrock Geology Geochemistry USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:552ee7a6e4b0b22a15803101 None Conterminous U.S. None Users should be cognizant that some differences will exist in chemical and physical characterizations across state lines, caused by unreconciled differences in lithologic descriptions or mapping scales used among the underlying state source maps. Desert Research Institute John Olson Mailing and Physical

755 E. Flamingo Rd.

Las Vegas NV 89119 435-770-4533 john.olson@dri.edu Olson, J.R. and C.P. Hawkins Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.1 (Build 3143) Service Pack 1 (Build 10.1.1.3143) No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has either not been conducted, or is not applicable. Suzanne W. Nicholson, Connie L. Dicken, Michael P. Foose, Julia A.L. Mueller 20071106 Vector Digital Data Set Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1355/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20120928 20140624 publication date Source Input 1 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Connie L. Dicken, Suzanne W. Nicholson, John D. Horton, Scott A. Kinney, Gregory Gunther, Michael P. Foose, and Julia A.L. Mueller 20080822 Vector Digital Data Set Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1325/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20120928 20140624 publication date Source Input 2 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Suzanne W. Nicholson, Connie L. Dicken, John D. Horton, Michael P. Foose, Julia A.L. Mueller, and Rudi Hon 20071106 Vector Digital Data Set Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1272/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20120928 20140624 publication date Source Input 3 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Suzanne W. Nicholson, Connie L. Dicken, John D. Horton, Keith A. Labay, Michael P. Foose, and Julia A.L. Mueller 20071106 Vector Digital Data Set Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1324/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20120928 20140624 publication date Source Input 4 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Connie L. Dicken, Suzanne W. Nicholson, John D. Horton, Michael P. Foose, and Julia A.L. Mueller 20071106 Vector Digital Data Set Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1323/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20120928 20140624 publication date Source Input 5 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Douglas B. Stoeser, Gregory N. Green, Laurie C. Morath, William D. Heran, Anna B. Wilson, David W. Moore, and Bradley S. Van Gosen 20070926 Vector Digital Data Set Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1351/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20120928 20140624 publication date Source Input 6 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Steve Ludington, Barry C. Moring, Robert J. Miller, Paul A. Stone, Arthur A. Bookstrom, David R. Bedford, James G. Evans, Gordon A. Haxel, Contstance J. Nutt, Kathryn S. Flyn and Melanie J. Hopkins 20071201 Vector Digital Data Set Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1305/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20120928 20140624 publication date Source Input 7 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. David R. Soller, Marith C. Reheis, Christopher P. Garrity, and D.R. Van Sistine 20090806 Vector Digital Data Set Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/425/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20131101 20140224 publication date Source Input 8 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University 20140303 Other Palisades, NY EarthChem http://www.earthchem.org Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20090307 20140303 publication date Source Input 9 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. John R. Olson, Charles P. Hawkins 20120204 Publication (Journal Article) Hoboken, NJ Water Resources Research Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20120204 20140303 publication date Source Input 10 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. We added “MajorOxide”, “Physical”, and “Nutrient” columns to lithology table accompanying each state geologic map (e.g., ALlith.csv) of the Preliminary Integrated Geologic Map Databases for the United States (USGS Open File Reports 2004-1355, 2005-1305, 2005-1323, 2005-1324, 2005-1325, 2005-1351, and 2006-1272). For each lithology listed in the table, we assigned modifiers to the most resolved lithology (i.e., “LOW_LITH”) as needed. “MajorOxide” modifiers include: alluvial, lacustrine, landslide, eolian/loess, non-calcareous/siliceous, calcareous, dolomitic, blueschist, and greenschist. “Physical” modifiers include: alluvial, lacustrine, landslide, eolian/loess, till, tuff, blueschist, and greenschist. “Nutrient” modifiers include: alluvial, lacustrine, landslide, eolian/loess, pre-Cambrian, carbonaceous, blueschist, and greenschist. Because the number of modifiers varied among the three attribute types, “MajorOxide” had a total of 279 lithologies, “Physical” had a total of 251 lithologies, and “Nutrient” had a total of 284 lithologies. We applied modifiers to particular map units when a modifier (or its synonym) was used in the descriptions of the geologic unit or formation in the accompanying unit table (e.g., ALunits.csv), GeoLex (http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Geolex/search), or published literature sources. Example: the map unit of the Alabama geologic map identified as Unit_Link “ALNfp;2” (part of the Fort Payne Chert), is described as having dolomitic siltstones in GeoLex, and so the siltstone portion of the unit lithology is modified to “dolomitic-Siltstone”. Unknown We then added the lithology table with supplementary modifiers to a database that already contained tables of the central tendency values for geologic attributes (i.e., % CaO, % MgO, % P2O5, % SiO2, % Al2O3, % FE2O3T, % NA2O, % K2O, % S, % N, uniaxial compressive strength, and hydraulic conductivity) for all lithologies. These tables accompany this file, one for each attribute type (see Lith-MajorOxides.xls, Lith-Nutrient.xls, and Lith-Physical.xls). They are contained in the “Lith Summary” sheet in each case, and the “ReadMe” sheet at the beginning of each describes how centeral tendency values were calculated for each attribute, for each lithology. Using the database which linked the lithology attribute tables, we calculated the average of each attribute for each map unit, weighted by the prevalence of each lithology in each map unit using a database query. Prevalence was derived from that assigned in each lithology table contained in the state geologic maps (e.g., USGS Open File Reports 2004-1355). Unknown We then joined the query output with the weighted average for each of the 12 attributes for each map unit to the attribute table of the original state geologic map shapefile, using Unit-Link to make a table join. All 48 state maps were then appended into a single shapefile, with the District of Columbia included in the Maryland state geologic map. Unknown The consolidated map was then converted from a shapefile to rasters, one raster for each of the 12 attributes. A cell size of 90m was used. Unknown Raster Grid Cell 32998 52750 1 NAD 1983 Albers (ESRI Full Name: NAD_1983_Albers) 29.5 45.5 -96.0 23.0 0.0 0.0 row and column 90.0 90.0 Meter D_North_American_1983 GRS_1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 Attribute Table Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Producer defined Value Percent geologic sodium oxide Producer defined 0.030500000342727 8.4818754196167 percent The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the data set. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the data set. The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data set. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Mailing and Physical

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Denver CO 80225 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Distributor assumes no liability for misuse of data. Raster Digital Data Set http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7X0653P None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data set. 20220805 J.R. Olson Mailing and Physical

755 E. Flamingo Road

Las Vegas NV 89119 435-770-4533 john.olson@dri.edu FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time