J. R. Olson
C. P. Hawkins
20140723
Geophysical Characteristics of the Conterminous United States: Hydraulic Conductivity (µm/s)
Raster Digital Data Set
http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7X0653P
This raster depicts the percentage of lithological the hydraulic conductivity (in micrometers per second) of surface or near surface geology. We derived these rasters by calculating the average conductivity for each map unit in combined surficial-bedrock geologic maps. We used state geologic maps (Preliminary Integrated Geologic Map Databases for the United States, Open File Reports 2004-1355, 2005-1305, 2005-1323, 2005-1324, 2005-1325, 2005-1351, and 2006-1272), which depict surficial geology instead of bedrock when the surficial layers are sufficiently deep. For the state maps that do not incorporate surficial geology (i.e., midwestern states), we overlaid surficial geologic map units with thicknesses greater than 100 feet (from Soller and Reheis [2004]) to produce combined surficial-bedrock geologic maps that were similar to other states. We characterized geology based on the 201 different lithologies that the Geologic Map Database lists as occurring in the conterminous United States. Because some of these lithologies are known to have physical attributes that vary widely, we created an additional 50 lithologic classes based on the common modifiers used in the geologic unit descriptions to better parse physical variability within the lithologies (e.g., tuff and nontuff for volcanic rocks). Modifiers were assigned base on descriptions of geologic formations obtained through either the Lexicon of Geologic Names of the United States or literature searches. Nineteen lithologic classes were not characterized because the class was not a specific rock type (e.g., mélange, water, and landslide) or no data was available to characterize it. These classes were characterized as no data. We translated each state’s combined surficial-bedrock geologic maps into characteristics following the methods in Olson and Hawkins (2012) by assigning an estimate of each map unit’s conductivity to every occurrence of that map unit in the combined surficial-bedrock geologic map. This estimate was calculated as the average of literature or database values of the respective property for each lithological class contained within the map unit weighted by the prevalence of each lithological class within the map unit. The accompanying Excel workbook (Lith-Physical.xls) contains a summary of all of the average geochemical characteristics for each lithology (“Lith Summary” tab) and tabs for each individual lithology that include the source of each record (e.g., originating from the Earth Chem Database or the specific literature reference), as well as the calculations used to determine the measure of central tendency (mean or median depending on the data). The final national raster was created by merging each of the individual state rasters. Users should be cognizant that some differences will exist in chemical and physical characterizations across state lines that are caused by unreconciled differences in lithologic descriptions or mapping scales used among the underlying state source maps.
These rasters were created to quantify the influence of geology on surface and critical zone processes like stream water chemistry, soil formation, ecologic processes, and species distributions by providing estimates of spatial variability in current geochemical and geophysical conditions occurring at or near the surface.
20140723
publication date
None planned
-129.567807626
-64.981807426
50.7850356
22.397057588
None
hydraulic conductivity
Bedrock
Geology
Geophysical
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:552c4877e4b0b22a157f5061
None
Conterminous U.S.
None
Users should be cognizant that some differences will exist in chemical and physical characterizations across state lines, caused by unreconciled differences in lithologic descriptions or mapping scales used among the underlying state source maps.
Desert Research Institute
John Olson
Mailing and Physical
755 E. Flamingo Rd.
Las Vegas
NV
89119
435-770-4533
john.olson@dri.edu
Olson, J.R. and C.P. Hawkins
Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.1 (Build 3143) Service Pack 1 (Build 10.1.1.3143)
No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted.
No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.
Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted.
A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has either not been conducted, or is not applicable.
Suzanne W. Nicholson, Connie L. Dicken, Michael P. Foose, Julia A.L. Mueller
20071106
Preliminary integrated geologic map databases for the United States: Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, and Indiana
Vector Digital Data Set
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1355/
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20120928
20140624
publication date
Source Input 1
Source information used in support of the development of the data set.
Connie L. Dicken, Suzanne W. Nicholson, John D. Horton, Scott A. Kinney, Gregory Gunther, Michael P. Foose, and Julia A.L. Mueller
20080822
Preliminary integrated geologic map databases for the United States: Delaware, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, and Virginia
Vector Digital Data Set
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1325/
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20120928
20140624
publication date
Source Input 2
Source information used in support of the development of the data set.
Suzanne W. Nicholson, Connie L. Dicken, John D. Horton, Michael P. Foose, Julia A.L. Mueller, and Rudi Hon
20071106
Preliminary integrated geologic map databases for the United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island and Vermont
Vector Digital Data Set
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1272/
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20120928
20140624
publication date
Source Input 3
Source information used in support of the development of the data set.
Suzanne W. Nicholson, Connie L. Dicken, John D. Horton, Keith A. Labay, Michael P. Foose, and Julia A.L. Mueller
20071106
Preliminary integrated geologic map databases for the United States: Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee, and West Virginia
Vector Digital Data Set
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1324/
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20120928
20140624
publication date
Source Input 4
Source information used in support of the development of the data set.
Connie L. Dicken, Suzanne W. Nicholson, John D. Horton, Michael P. Foose, and Julia A.L. Mueller
20071106
Preliminary integrated geologic map databases for the United States: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, and South Carolina
Vector Digital Data Set
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1323/
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20120928
20140624
publication date
Source Input 5
Source information used in support of the development of the data set.
Douglas B. Stoeser, Gregory N. Green, Laurie C. Morath, William D. Heran, Anna B. Wilson, David W. Moore, and Bradley S. Van Gosen
20070926
Preliminary integrated geologic map databases for the United States: Central States: Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, and Louisiana
Vector Digital Data Set
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1351/
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20120928
20140624
publication date
Source Input 6
Source information used in support of the development of the data set.
Steve Ludington, Barry C. Moring, Robert J. Miller, Paul A. Stone, Arthur A. Bookstrom, David R. Bedford, James G. Evans, Gordon A. Haxel, Contstance J. Nutt, Kathryn S. Flyn and Melanie J. Hopkins
20071201
Preliminary integrated geologic map databases for the United States: Western States: California, Nevada, Arizona, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Utah
Vector Digital Data Set
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1305/
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20120928
20140624
publication date
Source Input 7
Source information used in support of the development of the data set.
David R. Soller, Marith C. Reheis, Christopher P. Garrity, and D.R. Van Sistine
20090806
Map Database for Surficial Materials in the Conterminous United States
Vector Digital Data Set
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/425/
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20131101
20140224
publication date
Source Input 8
Source information used in support of the development of the data set.
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University
20140303
EarthChem Portal
Other
Palisades, NY
EarthChem
http://www.earthchem.org
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20090307
20140303
publication date
Source Input 9
Source information used in support of the development of the data set.
John R. Olson, Charles P. Hawkins
20120204
Predicting natural base-flow stream water chemistry in the western United States
Publication (Journal Article)
Hoboken, NJ
Water Resources Research
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20120204
20140303
publication date
Source Input 10
Source information used in support of the development of the data set.
We added “MajorOxide”, “Physical”, and “Nutrient” columns to lithology table accompanying each state geologic map (e.g., ALlith.csv) of the Preliminary Integrated Geologic Map Databases for the United States (USGS Open File Reports 2004-1355, 2005-1305, 2005-1323, 2005-1324, 2005-1325, 2005-1351, and 2006-1272). For each lithology listed in the table, we assigned modifiers to the most resolved lithology (i.e., “LOW_LITH”) as needed. “MajorOxide” modifiers include: alluvial, lacustrine, landslide, eolian/loess, non-calcareous/siliceous, calcareous, dolomitic, blueschist, and greenschist. “Physical” modifiers include: alluvial, lacustrine, landslide, eolian/loess, till, tuff, blueschist, and greenschist. “Nutrient” modifiers include: alluvial, lacustrine, landslide, eolian/loess, pre-Cambrian, carbonaceous, blueschist, and greenschist. Because the number of modifiers varied among the three attribute types, “MajorOxide” had a total of 279 lithologies, “Physical” had a total of 251 lithologies, and “Nutrient” had a total of 284 lithologies. We applied modifiers to particular map units when a modifier (or its synonym) was used in the descriptions of the geologic unit or formation in the accompanying unit table (e.g., ALunits.csv), GeoLex (http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Geolex/search), or published literature sources. Example: the map unit of the Alabama geologic map identified as Unit_Link “ALNfp;2” (part of the Fort Payne Chert), is described as having dolomitic siltstones in GeoLex, and so the siltstone portion of the unit lithology is modified to “dolomitic-Siltstone”.
Unknown
We then added the lithology table with supplementary modifiers to a database that already contained tables of the central tendency values for geologic attributes (i.e., % CaO, % MgO, % P2O5, % SiO2, % Al2O3, % FE2O3T, % NA2O, % K2O, % S, % N, uniaxial compressive strength, and hydraulic conductivity) for all lithologies. These tables accompany this file, one for each attribute type (see Lith-MajorOxides.xls, Lith-Nutrient.xls, and Lith-Physical.xls). They are contained in the “Lith Summary” sheet in each case, and the “ReadMe” sheet at the beginning of each describes how centeral tendency values were calculated for each attribute, for each lithology. Using the database which linked the lithology attribute tables, we calculated the average of each attribute for each map unit, weighted by the prevalence of each lithology in each map unit using a database query. Prevalence was derived from that assigned in each lithology table contained in the state geologic maps (e.g., USGS Open File Reports 2004-1355).
Unknown
We then joined the query output with the weighted average for each of the 12 attributes for each map unit to the attribute table of the original state geologic map shapefile, using Unit-Link to make a table join. All 48 state maps were then appended into a single shapefile, with the District of Columbia included in the Maryland state geologic map.
Unknown
The consolidated map was then converted from a shapefile to rasters, one raster for each of the 12 attributes. A cell size of 90m was used.
Unknown
Raster
Grid Cell
32998
52750
1
NAD 1983 Albers (ESRI Full Name: NAD_1983_Albers)
29.5
45.5
-96.0
23.0
0.0
0.0
row and column
90.0
90.0
Meter
D_North_American_1983
GRS_1980
6378137.0
298.257222101
Attribute Table
Table containing attribute information associated with the data set.
Producer defined
Value
Hydraulic conductivity
Producer defined
3.999999989901E-06
552.64965820313
µm/s
The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the data set. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the data set.
The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data set. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information.
U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
Mailing and Physical
Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
Denver
CO
80225
1-888-275-8747
sciencebase@usgs.gov
Distributor assumes no liability for misuse of data.
Raster Digital Data Set
http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7X0653P
None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data set.
20220805
J.R. Olson
Mailing and Physical
755 E. Flamingo Road
Las Vegas
NV
89119
435-770-4533
john.olson@dri.edu
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998
local time